• 翻译 - fānyì - переводчик
  • 翻 fān - flip over, upset, capsize
    • 番 - fān - to take turns; a turn, a time.
      • 釆 biàn - distinguish
      • 田 tián - field, arable land, cultivated
    • 羽 - yǔ - перо
  • 译 Yì - to translate, to interpret
    • 讠yán speech
    • 夅 jiàng - to descend; to come down from heaven. to send down
      • 夂 zhǐ go; 㐄 kuà
• 在线即时翻译 (Zàixiàn jíshí fānyì) - Online instant translation
• 线 xiàn - line, wire
• 即 jí - right now, immediately
• 时 - time, tense

• 翻译 (fānyì) - translate
  • https://translate.yandex.com
  • https://fanyi.youdao.com/
• Палладий транскрипция https://palladius.ru/

• 字典 (zìdiǎn) dictionary - lit. character code
  • китайско-русский словарь https://bkrs.info/
  • en https://www.purpleculture.net/dictionary-details/?word=%E8%81%BF
  • zh https://www.zdic.net/hans/%E8%81%BF 漢典 (Hàndiǎn) Han Code
  • https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E8%81%BF
• иероглифы
  • split https://www.mdbg.net/chinese/
  • explain https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%81%BF#Chinese , https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%81%BF#Translingual
  • radicals https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Chinese_radical
  • pinyin dictionary https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Mandarin_Pinyin/Table_of_General_Standard_Chinese_Characters
  • Jpanese 漢字 Kanji(jp) "Han characters" 汉字 hànzì(ch) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ky%C5%8Diku_kanji

best learn videos

• https://www.youtube.com/c/EverydayChinese/videos
• https://www.learn-chinese.com/ -> Courses

materials

• https://www.mandarinblueprint.com/blog/is-chinese-hard-to-learn/
• course https://www.echineselearning.com/blog
• mandarin https://www.chinese-lessons.com/mandarin/
• cantonese https://www.chinese-lessons.com/cantonese/
• grammar https://www.chineseboost.com/dengji/b1/

• Chinese Software Developer Network http://csdn.net/
• Chinese github https://gitee.com/
• https://linux265.com/ - vps, news
• https://cn.aliyun.com - vps

used to decode system messages and key codes from a keyboard

M-x set-language-environment

works globally, to make it local:

eval: (progn (make-local-variable 'current-language-environment) (set-language-environment "Chinese-GB"))

chinese-py-punct - is a combination of the input methods chinese-py and chinese-punct (v key)

• per file:
  • ;-- default-input-method: chinese-py-punct --
• set input method: C-x enter C-\ or M-x set-input-method
• chinese-py - basic pinyin input system. for more info: M-x describe-input-method chinese-py
  • C-\ to switch
• chinese-punct uses:
  • , for ， 、(Enumeration comma)
  • . for 。・(separate characters in non-Han personal names)
  • </> for 《/》〈/〉 - for titles
  • - for ～ - numerical ranges, repeated characters and stress (I never used)
  • " for “ ”
  • (/) for traditional Chinese quotation marks 「/」『/』

latin-2-prefix - input the diacritical marks:

• 'a -> á, `a -> à, ~a -> ă, "a -> ä

chinese-sisheng - input method for the diacritical marks to pinyin:

• shuang1 -> shuāng
• Lv3 -> Lǚ
• AN4 -> ÀN
• nve5 -> nüe

chinese-tonepy - input method for the diacritical marks to hieroglyphs:

-*- default-input-method: chinese-py-punct -*-

if you want to mostly type simplified then learn Wubi. If you want to mostly type traditional then then learn Cangjie or Dayi

• c and ch
• s and sh
• z and zh
• n and ng
• h or hu and f
• n and l

conv

1. ch* concat with c… and ch = c
2. sh* concat s… and sh = s
3. zh = z*
4. ng* = n*
5. ang* = an*
6. ing* = in*

advanced

1. l = n
2. r = l
3. ian = iang
4. k = g
5. uan =
6. hu* = h* = f*

倉頡輸入法， 仓颉输入法

Hong Kong and Macau

Invented in 1976 by Chu Bong-Foo (朱邦復, pinyin: Zhū Bāngfù), the method is named after Cangjie, the man historically attributed with the invention of the first writing system of China.

few in Hong Kong and Macau

1. top left-hand corner
2. top right-hand corner
3. bottom left-hand corner
4. bottom right-hand corner

Wide:

• 桌面 Zhuōmiàn - desktop %of something% - Чжо Мянь

Compact:

• 桌面 (Zhuōmiàn): desktop

One character:

• 桌面 Zhuōmiàn - desktop

https://emacs-jp.github.io/ http://emacs-china.github.io/

我是中国人 - wǒ shì zhōng guó rén - I am Chinese

我是俄罗斯人 -Wǒ shì èluósī rén

• 上海 Shànghǎi - Shanghai (on sea) - East China - Шан Хай (26,875,500)
• 北京 市 Běijīng shì - Peking city "Northern Capital", Пекин - Бэй Цзин (21,167,303)
  • 首都 Shǒudū - capital
• 广州/廣州 Guǎngzhōu - Guangzhou (广东省 Guǎngdōng shěng Guangdong province) - southern China - (18,810,600)
• 深圳 Shēnzhèn - Shenzhen (Guangdong province) - southern China - (15,025,554)
• 成都 Chéngdū - Chengdu (四川省 Sìchuān Shěng Sichuan privince) - Southwest or central China (15,025,554)

Mainland China - 中国大陆 - Zhōnggúo Dàlù - Continental China

• Xiānggǎng - 香港 - Hong Kong [hœ́ːŋ.kɔ̌ːŋ] (7,333,200)
• Àomén - 澳門 - Macau (məˈkaʊ) [ōu.mǔːn] (680,000)
• Zhōnghuá mínguó - 中華民國 - Taiwan

中国人 - китаец Chinaman

朝鲜 - Северная корея

现代标准汉 Xiàndài biāozhǔn hànyǔ - modern standard Han speech

國語; 国语 Guóyǔ - "national language"

漢語; 汉语 Hànyǔ - "Sinitic languages" refer to all language varieties of the Han people.

中文 Zhōngwén - "Chinese written language", refers to all written languages of Chinese (Sinitic).

简体字 - jiǎn tǐ zì - Simplified Chinese

• 简 - простой
• 体 - тело, организм
• 字 - иероглиф - zì , 子(zǐ)

繁體 Fántǐ - traditional (numerous/complicated body)

wiki:

• 大陆简体 - Simplified Chinese in mainland China (zh-cn)
• 香港繁體 - Traditional Chinese in Hong Kong (zh-hk)
• 澳門繁體 - Traditional Chinese in Macau (zh-mo)
• 大马简体 - Simplified Chinese in Malaysia (zh-my)
• 新加坡简体 - Simplified Chinese in Singapore (zh-sg)
• 臺灣正體 - Traditional Chinese in Taiwan (zh-tw)

Sinitic languages - often synonymous with "Chinese languages", Branches (dialects):

• Mandarin 官话 Guānhuà - officials/bureaucrats speech
• Yue (Cantonese) 粤语 Yuèyǔ, 广东话 Guǎngdōng huà (Guangdong area) Hong Kong and Macau
• Wu 吴语/吳語 Wúyǔ in Shanghai, Zhejiang Province
• Min 閩語/闽语 Mǐnyǔ
• Jin - (north of chinese) 晋语 Jìnyǔ, 晋方言 Jìn fāngyán
• Pinghua 平话 Pínghuà (plain language)
• Gan 赣语 Gàn yǔ - Gan River 赣江 Gàn Jiāng area
• Suzhou 苏州话 Sūzhōuhuà - variety of Wu Chinese, city of Suzhou in Jiangsu Province

Mandarin Chinese ˈmændərɪn - Dialect group Mandarin (65.7%)

• 普通话 (普通話; Pǔtōnghuà; 'common speech') in the People's Republic of China, as well as Hong Kong and Macau;

大陆简体 - Dàlù jiǎntǐ - Mainland Simplified

Cantonese 廣東話/广东话 Guǎngdōng huà - Official language in Hong Kong and Macau

汉语拼音 - hànyǔ pīnyīn - Пиньи́нь

• 汉语 - hànyǔ - literally means "Han language"
• 拼 - pīn - spell - Пинь
• 音 - Yīn - sound ("spelled sounds") - Инь
• hànyǔ - literally means "Han language" (i.e. Chinese language)
• Diacritic - tone symbols

Палладий

• https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F
• https://palladius.ru/

Gwoyeu Romatzyh -

Wade-Giles -

Yale

注音符號 (Bopomofo or Zhuyin) zhùyīn fúhào - Mandarin Phonetic Symbols

• ex: ㄧㄣˋ, ㄅㄆㄇㄈ

Cantonese Pinyin. Used in Hong Kong.

• 常用字廣州話讀音表:拼音方案, also known as 教院式拼音方案
• Cantonese pronunciation table of commonly used words: Pinyin scheme
• 广东话 gwong2 dung1 waa2
• nine tones in six distinct tone contours.

1. mā high level 'mother' - что-то высокое, на поверхности
2. má high rising 'hemp' конопля
3. mǎ low falling-rising 'horse' - что-то большое, вытянутое, требующее уважение
4. mà high falling 'scold' ругать-бранить - что-то простое но серьезное или малозначимое
5. ma neutral question particle

     1st tone
5  ----------->  /-> \
              /--     \ /
4 2nd tone /--         X
       /--            / \
3  --                /   \4th tone
      /             /     \
2  --      \      -/       \
            \-   /          \
1   3th tone  \ /
               /

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_language#Tones

Six Simple Finals/Vowels: a, o, e, i, u, ü

-i

-ы; -и

ie

e

yi; -i

и

wu; -u

у

yu; -ü

юй

e

э

ye; -ie

е

wo; -uo/-o

во; -о

yue; -üe

юэ

a

а

ya; -ia

я

wa; -ua

ва; -уа

ei

эй

wei; -ui

вэй; -уй, -уэй

ai

ай

wai; -uai

вай; -уай

ou

оу

you; -iu

ю

ao

ао

yao; -iao

яо

en

энь

yin; -in

инь

wen; -un

вэнь; унь

yun; -ün

юнь

an

ань

yan; -ian

янь

wan; -uan

вань; -уань

yuan; -üan

юань

-ong

-ун

yong; -iong

юн

eng

эн

ying; -ing

ин

weng

вэн

ang

ан

yang; -iang

ян

wang; -uang

ван; -уан

• z - цз
• zh - чж
• j - цз(ь)
• q - ц/т(ь)
• x - с(ь)
• r - ж
• w - в/y
• y - я/ю/е
• yu; -ü; -ǚ - юй
• ye; -ie - е
• -ong - -ун
• yuan; -üan - юань
• ng - н

иероглифы делятся на простые - вэнь 文 и составные цзы 字

• из внешнего вида иероглифа нельзя в большинстве случаев ничего узнать о его чтении
• Иероглиф пишется сверху вних
• Точка справа пишется в последнюю очередь
• вертикаль, пересекающая горизонтали, пишется после них
• нижняя горизонталь непересекающая, пишется последней
• Лигатуры - объединённое в один иероглиф благожелательное словосочетание
• каллиграфия - придание изящной формы

Один и тот же иероглиф может использоваться как существительное, прилагательное, предлог в различных контекстах и словообразующих сочетаниях

• 爱好 - àihǎo - хобби
• 好冷 - lěnghǎo - как, холодно!,

нет иероглифа, который читается более, чем в один слог.

from top to bottom, right-to-left: the first column being on the right side of the page.

The government mandated left-to-right writing in 1955, although the vertical format is still used for effect or where space requires it, such as signs or on spines of books.

principle: writing characters should be economical, with the fewest hand movements to write the most strokes possible rules:

1. Write from top to bottom, and left to right.
2. Horizontal before vertical
3. Character-spanning strokes last
   • Vertical strokes that pass through many other strokes are written after the strokes through which they pass 聿 and 弗.
   • Horizontal strokes that pass through many other strokes are written last 毋 and 舟
4. Diagonals right-to-left before diagonals left-to-right 又, 文
5. Center before outside in vertically symmetrical characters 水, 兜, 承.
6. Enclosures before contents
   • bottom strokes in the enclosure are written last if present, as in 日 and 口 ("Put people inside first, then close the door.")
7. Left vertical before enclosing 日 and 口

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stroke_order

• Simple ideograms or pictogram
• Compound ideographs - also called associative compounds or logical aggregates - 13% of characters in this category
  • 明; míng; 'bright'
  • 休; 'rest'
• Rebus (phonetic loan) characters - by sound
• Phono-semantic compound characters
  • 90% of Chinese characters by combining two components:
    • phonetic component
    • semantic component, also called a determinative - In most cases this is also the radical
• Derivative cognates - smallest

s

1. pictogram (山 for 'mountain')
2. ideograms 1. visualize abstract concepts 2. pictograms with an ideographic indicator
   • 上 'up' and 下 'down'. 刀 'knife', 刃 'blade'.
3. Radical–radical compounds - each radical of character hints at the meaning.
   • 13% of characters in this category
   • 休 'rest' - 'person' (人), 'tree' (木)
   • 明; míng; 'bright'
4. Rebus (phonetic loan) characters - unrelated word with similar or identical pronunciation
   • 自 zì - 'oneself' - lost its original meaning of 'nose'
   • 萬 wàn - 'ten thousand', original 'scorpion'
5. Radical–phonetic compounds 90% - one radical for meaning and other for phonetic hint
   • 樑 (liáng) supporting beam - 梁 liáng, radical 木 ('wood')
6. Changed-annotation characters -
   • 樂 / 乐 can mean both 'music' (yuè) and 'pleasure' (lè).

7. Improvisational characters - when a native spoken word has no corresponding character

   • 自 used to be a pictographic word meaning 'nose', but was borrowed to mean

   'self'.

Due to the long period of language evolution, such component "hints" within characters as provided by the radical-phonetic compounds are sometimes useless and may be misleading in modern usage.

• 每 měi 'each'
• 侮 'to humiliate', 悔 'to regret', and 海 'sea', pronounced respectively wǔ, huǐ, and hǎi

• 标点 biāodiǎn - punctuation (mark point)
• 符号 fúhào - symbol (符 symbol ; 号 number, mark)

pause:

• (。) - 句号 jùhào - Period(Full stop). lit. 'Sentence Mark'
  • 句 - sentence
  • 号 - mark.
  • ancient alternative: 兮 Xī
  • (。) - in Mainland China it is placed in the bottom left in horizontal writing.
  • (︒) - used in vertical writing.
• (，) 逗号 DòuHào - comma, cannot be used for lists.
• (、) 頓号 dùnhào, 頓 - pause. Enumeration comma or "dun comma". lit. 'pause mark'.
  • A、B及C (及 Jí and)
• (‧) 间隔号 Jiàn Gé Hào - Middle dot, separate characters in non-Han personal names
  • "Leonardo da Vinci" - 李奧納多‧達‧文西
• (《…》, 〈…〉, ﹏﹏﹏ ) 书名号 Shū Míng Hào - titles of books, films, and so on
  • ﹏﹏﹏ - Taiwan
  • 【 】 and 「 」 - used de facto in a manner akin to Korean and Japanese;
• quotation marks (“ '…' ”) 引号 Yĭn Hào
  • 小王说，“我不想去”. Little Wang said, “I don’t want to go”
  • 「…『…』…」 - traditional chinese
• (?) 问号 Wènhào - question mark
• (!) 感叹号 Gǎntànhào - exclamation mark

Others (其他 Qítā ти ха):

• Ellipsis ( …… ) - …
• Two-em dash ( —— ) - 破折號; pinyin: pòzhéhào; lit. 'Break/Fold Mark'
• En dash ( — ) 到 e.g. 1月—7月 "January to July"
• Wave dash ( ～ ) - 浪纹 làng wén.
  • 5～20個字 "5 to 20 words"
  • repeated letters (e.g. 哇～～ "waaah")
  • to indicate stress: e.g. 要～～ "I want it!"
• Táitóu 抬頭 - space
  • honorific marker - для уважения: The Late President (space) Honorable Chiang
• (；) 分号 Fēn Hào - The semicolon is frequently used to demarcate parallel structures in a paragraph.
• Death-indication mark 示亡号 shìwánghào - a black border around the person's name
• (:) 冒号 Mào Hào – The Colon
• (()) 括号 Kuò Hào – Parentheses

Cursive script 草书 (Cǎoshū) rough letter/book/to_write

• or grass script - cursive variants of the clerical script 隶书 (Lìshū) (characterized by its rectilinearity) and the regular script 楷书 (Kǎishū) lit. model script.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuowen_Jiezi

漢字 Kanji(jp) "Han characters" - the logographic Chinese characters taken from the Chinese script used in the writing of Japanese.

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanji
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ky%C5%8Diku_kanji

ancient Chinese dictionary from the Han dynasty

https://www.cwbook.cn/plus/view.php?aid=2

the international standard reference for Chinese characters

New China (or Chinese) Character Dictionary

world's most popular reference work

新华字典 Xīnhuá zìdiǎn - Xinhua Dictionary

• 新 Xīn - new
• 华 Huá - magnificent, China
• 字典 zìdiǎn - dictionary
  • 字 zì - character
  • 典 diǎn - canon

现代汉语词典 Xiàndài hànyǔ cídiǎn modern Chinese dictionary

• 现代 Xiàndài - modern
  • 现 Xiàn - current, existing, cash, appear
  • 代 Dài - generation, substitute, replace
• 汉语 hànyǔ - Chinese
  • 汉 hàn - noun. Chinese, Han, man, fellow
  • 语 Yǔ - language, speach, spoken, tell
• 词典 cídiǎn - dictionary
  • 词 Cí - noun. word, term, speech, statement
  • 典 diǎn - canon

links https://mdx.mdict.org/%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8pdf/%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E5%AE%9E%E7%94%A8%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8.pdf

• 艸 grass
• 水 water
• 木 tree
• 手 hand
• 口 mouth
• 心 heart, mind, intention, core
• 虫 insect
• 竹 bamboo - бамбук
• 言 speech
• 糸 silk
  • не нет да
• 取消 - Qǔxiāo - cancel

• Chinese(simplified)(zh-Hans)
• Chinese(traditional)(zh-Hant)
• Chinese(traditional,Hong Kong)(zh-Hant-HK)
• Japanese(ja)
• Korean(ko)
• Vietnamese(vi-Hani)

• 夭 Yāo
  • to die young, to die prematurely
  • to be aggrieved
  • to devastate
  • disaster
• 委 wěi - commission, appoint, entrust
• 业 Yè - line of business/ industry/ occupation/ job/ employment/ school studies/ enterprise/ property/ (Buddhism) karma/ deed/ to engage in/ already
• 𠃊 is an ancient form of 隱 yìn “to hide; to cover; to shield; to conceal; to cover up; etc.”
  • 亾, 兦、

• 夂 zhǐ - go ; 攴(攵) suī - rap, tap
• 找 (zhǎo) - to look for, to seek. 我 – wǒ – я - I, 钱 qián money, 裁 Cái - to cut off
• 来 Lái - come, 釆 biàn (бянь) - разделять, различать, выбирать, сортировать
• 未 Wèi - not yet, 8-th earthly b.; 末 Mò - the end, last ; 本 Běn - book, this, origin
• 见 jiàn - to see, 贝 bèi (бэй) - раковина; money, currency
• 疋 pǐ - рулон ткани, 正 Zhèng - just, positive, 𤴓 - 疋+0 or beauty 正?
• 牛 niú (ню) - вол, корова 午 Wǔ 7-th earthly b.
• 廴 yǐn - long stride ; 辵 (辶,⻌,⻍) chuò / zouzhi (чо, цзоучжи) - гулять, быстро идти
• 天 Tiān - sky, day, God, overhead, небо ; 禾 hé (хэ)(丿木) - зерно, злак; хлеб на корню
• 不 Bù not, no, не ; 木 mù (十人) tree, wood, simple
• 午 Wǔ - noon, seventh earthly branch ; 牛 (牜‚⺧) niú (ню) - вол, корова
• 木(朩) mù - tree, wood ; 小(⺌、⺍) xiǎo - small
• ⺼ ròu (жоу) мясо; 月(⺝) yuè (⺆一一) moon
• 礻- 示 shì (ши) указывать, демонстрировать; предки . 衤- 衣 yī одежда
• 风 - fēng (фэн) wind . 冈 - 网 wǎng (ван) сеть
• 禾 hé зерно, злак, хлеб на корню; 犬夭 quǎn, Yāo- a dog or disaster, die young
• 乐 Lè - happy; music, fun, laugh; 东 Dōng - east; host; eastern; cursive version of 東

• 一 - water, common, stream
• 丨 - work, mountain, place, single
• ㇏ - strong leg
• ㇀ - agility?
• ㇚ - important
• ㇇ - dick?
• ㇋ - tits
• ㇌ - hills, kneeling person, flag
• 丶 - moving object?
• 丿- passive?
• 𠃊,乚 - life, feeling, place to hidden
• 𠂉 - sky, long time
• ⺈ - pain?
• 人 - soul, mind
• 丅 - an altar or bellow
• 丁 - a city wall, a head, a nail, right foot 亍 (my: common important, strong)
• 匕十 - simple?, an old form of 甲 (jiǎ), which means “first” or “armor.”
• 匕 - from 人
• 龴 - from 卩
• 頁/首/页 - head.
• 天 - crown at head
• 丩 - two entangled ropes – to entangle; to intertwine.
• 用 - 冂 body + 干 to fuck, to do = using
• 几 - (jī) 9 branch monkey, 丿passibe + get to hidden
• 攴/殳 - (shū) weapon,spear - 几 person + 又 hand
• 犬夭 - (quǎn, Yāo) a dog or disaster, die young

• 上 (bound form) up; upper; above; previous / first (of multiple parts) / to climb; to get onto; to go up / to attend (class or university) / (directional complement) up / (noun suffix) on; above (⺊一)
• 七 qī seven тьи (㇀㇄)
• 三 sān three
• 世 Shì world, life, lifetime (廿(一丨丨一) 𠃊)

• 个 gè - of, universal measure Word but sound like a baby. (人丨)
• 中 Zhōng - middle, in, during, among, medium, central, hit the mark (попасть в цель)
• 史 Shǐ - history, historical; orig. 又 “hand” holding a fountain pen resembling 中
• 使 shǐ - to make, to cause, to enable, to order to someone, to employ (人吏)
  • 吏 lì - orig: “envoy, jail official, matchmaker”
• 丫 Yā - ya, ah
• 丰 Fēng - rich, abundant, plentiful
• 丯 Jiè - the

• 之 Zhī - of (丶㇇乀)
• 为 Wèi - for, to serve as, to act as, because of (力 lì - power сила, движение)
• 丸 Wán - pill, ball
• 為 Wèi - for, to, as, for the

• 𠂇 - left hand? 有、左、厷
• 乃 nǎi - then; really, indeed; as it turned out, after all; namely
• 乂 Yì - mow; to regulate
• 爻 yáo
• 么 Me - what? interrogative particle; repetition of a tune small; tender (厶 sī)

㐋

• 他 tā - he; him (人 rén)
• 她 tā - she (女 nǚ)
• 也 Yě - also, too, as well asn (乛丨乚)
  • 乜 miē - to squint; (Cant.) what? huh?
• 民 Mín - civil, people, nationality
• 书 Shū - book(most frequent), letter, script, to write (ヿ𠃌丨丶)

矛

• 了 Le - past tense marker, up, know, finish, understand, clear; orig. baby without arms. replaced 矣 - the crossing of lower legs, entangled legs -> "tie" -> "finish"
• 事 Shì - thing, matter, affair, job; to work, to serve (一口⺕亅)
• 亊 Shì - thing, the matter (一丷⺕亅)
• 予 Yǔ (龴乛亅) give, grant, bestow

• 亍 Chù - to step with the right foot, to stop, to stand still, to take small steps
• 井 Jǐng - the well, the order, adj. neat, orderly
• 些 Xiē - some, few, several, somewhat; orig. two 人 person 止 stops; (此)- Се
• 云 Yún - cloud, scaling; to say (厶) - Юнь
• 亞/亚 Yà - Asia, sub (一丨丨一丷)

• 亡 Wáng - death, to die, to lose, to flee; orig. knife cutting the line (𠃊)
• 交 Jiāo - to pay, to cross, mutual, together (父 fù)
• 京 Jīng - capital city, abbr. for Beijing
  • 兄 Xiōng - brother
• 亰 Jīng - crow ворона (日小)
• 享 Xiǎng - enjoy; orig. a temple or ancestral shrine.(口子)
• 亦 Yì - as well as, also, already, although, again(Suzhou) (亠丿亅八)

众 㐺

• 大、欠、入
• 认 Rèn - to recognize, to know, to understand; to acknowledge; to accept; to agree (讠"speech")
• 从 Cóng - to follow, proposition: from; orig. 人人 to follow.
• 今 Jīn - now, today, present, modern era (人丶㇇)
• 什 shén - what
• 位 wèi - position; place; seat ; someone
• 何 Hé - what; adv. how, why; which; to carry; semantic 人 + phonetic 可
• 以 Yǐ - by means of; thereby, therefore; consider as; in order to ; by, with; orig: a person (人) carrying something.(𠄌丶人) - и
• 亼 (jí) - to assemble, roof; orig. to gather together from three sides
  • 合 Hé - to combine, to close, to join, to combne, to suit, to have sex intercouse, to fight; whole, entire; together; orig. Two mouths speaking together. (口)
  • 会 huì - to can; able; conference, meeting; (亼 Jí 人一, 一厶) - Хуэй
  • 令 - order, command, decrete; to make, to cause; your

𠒇

• 兄 Xiōng - elder brother
• 元 Yuán - yuan, dollar, Yuan Dynasty, basic, primary, first (兀 “to cut off; to amputate”)
• 玩 Wán - the play; to play, to enjoy, to joke (玉)
• 允 Yǔn - to allow, to permit, fair, just, allowed
• 先 xiān - first; prior (牛)
• 兔(兔) Tù - rabbit, hare
  • 免 miǎn - spare; excuse from; evade; orig. a man in a hat
• 晚 Wǎn - night, evening; late, junior - (日免)
• 说 Shuō - to say, to speak, to talk; talking, reproach; spoken; scold, upbraid (讠yán)
  • 兌 duì - cash; exchange, barter; weight

• 屳 㒰 𠓾

my:

• 全 (quán) - all; whole, complete (王 wáng‚ yù) - Цюань
• 兩/两 (liǎng) (帀(一丨ヿ丨)入入) - two, few, different

公 六 兵

• 六 Liù - six (亠) - Лю
• 其 qí - his, her, its, their; one; that, those; orig. basket. - Ци
• 共 gòng - common; together; to share (一丨丨一八)
  • 龷 - floodwaters or 艸 grass + water
• 只 Zhǐ - only, just, simply, merely; originally, at first; orig: airflow coming out of a mouth (口)
• 興/兴 Xìng - interest, eagerness; to flourish, to become popular, to get up (小)

內

• 卩,口,巾,囗,戶,曰,田
• 内 nèi - inside, inner (冂人)
• 冇 Mǎo - without
• 再 zài - again, once more (一冉)
  • 冉 Rǎn - (archaic) edge of a turtle shell, 冉冉 slowly (冂丨二)
• 同 Tóng - preposition: with ; same ; similar, like, alike ; together ; lane
• 冊/册 Cè - book, volume, booklet; measure word for books; orig. bamboo slips strung together. (冂冂一)

冗 冠 軍 㓀

冶 冷 凍

• 冬 Dōng - winter (夂)

凡 凢 凣 凥

• 九 Jiǔ - 9 nine (㇓㇈) Цзю

凶 凷 凼 函

切 刖 㺫 利 則 刕 刁、解、劍

• 分 Fēn - point, minute, fraction, 1/10; to divide, to separate, to part; orig. 八 "to separate" with a 刀 "knife".
• 久 Jiǔ - Long, length, long time, for a long time (⺈㇏) - Цзю

劜 加 㔹 劦

• 务 Wù - serivice; to be engaged in; to be devoted to; to seek; to pursue; etc. (夂) - У

勽 勾 匁

• 勿 Wù - must not, do not; without, never (used inside others)

朼 㔫 华 匙

• 比
• 北 Běi - north
• 化 Huà - to change, to turn, suffix: -ify -ization -ize
• 能 Néng - able, capable, to can, to may, energy (月 yuè, 厶 sī)
• 蛇 Shé - snake, serpent (虫 chóng)
  • 它 Tā - it (宀匕)

匣 匞 匠 匡

匹 区 區

• 医 Yī - medical; medicine, doctor; to cure
• 區/区 Qū - district, area, region, zone; subdivide; small (㐅乂) - Цюй

区区 Qūqū - merely, trivial, mere

卉 卐 協

• 阜,土,士,支,牛,生
• 什 Shén - what? Varied, asserted
• 华 Huá - China, flower; flowery, flashy, magnificent (化 Huà)
• 才 Cái - talent, ability; just, only ; only if, not until (一㇚丿)
• 古 Gǔ - aniquity, ancient, old
• 眞/真 Zhēn - really, trully, indeed; true, real (匕十 simple + 貝)

卞 卦 乩 下、上、卡

• 占 Zhàn - divine; observe; versify (used inside others)
• 点 Diǎn - point, dot, appinted time; to point, to select, to hint (灬)
• 店 Diàn - shop, store, inn; lit. “lean-to” or house on cliff + observe (广占)

卪 叩 卯 卵

• 创 Chuàng - to create, to start to, to found, to establish; wound, trouma, injury (人刂)
  • 仓 cāng - granary, warehouse cabin; to hold (人㔾) - Цан
• 印 Yìn - to print, to impress; seal, stamp, mark; orig. 爪,扌 “hand” + 卩 “kneeling person” – a hand suppressing a kneeling person.(same to 抑) (㇒丨㇒㇀卩)

仄 圧 龎

• 原 Yuán - original; cause; to pardon (白小)
• 历 Lì - calendar, experience; to experience; every, each (力)

仏 㕕 厸 厽

• 么 Me - what? interrogative particle; repetition of a tune small; tender (丿)
• 去 qù - to go to, to leave ; (between two verbs) to; orig: 大 man + 口 mouth/cave/anus. (土 tǔ) Цюй
• 公 gōng - public, fair, metric; male; generally (儿 ér)

双 叒 叕 叉、取

• 夂、夊、支、攴
• 友 Yǒu - friend, friends, friendly, fraternity (𠂇)
• 爱 ài - love, affection, to love, to like (breathe, hand? and co-operation?)(⺤冖友)
• 仅 Jǐn - only, merely, just (人亻 rén)
• 对 Duì - correct, to, at, pair, yes, to be opposite, to oppose, orderly (寸 cùn)
• 及 Jí - and; to reach, to come up; in time; orig. 人 “person” + 又 “hand” – a hand grabbing a person. (trad. 丿𠃍又 ) (sim. 丿又)
• 极 Jí - pole, utmost, top; extremely, mighty; extreme (木)
• 圾 Jī - garbage, rubbish; lit. things reached eath (土)

㕥 叹 君 吳 味 命 喦 㗊器

• 中 Zhōng - central; center, middle; in the midst of; hit (target); attain (丨 gǔn)
• 叫 Jiào - to call, to be called; lit. mouth + 丩 two entangled ropes
• 克 kè - gram; to overcome, to defeat; transliteration (儿 ér son)
• 品 Pǐn - taste (品味 Pǐnwèi - to taste)
• 别 (Bié) - other, another; Don't (刀刂 dāo)
  • 另 (Lìng) - other, another, separate; separately, in addition; to divide (力)
• 吃 chī, jī - to eat, to take, to live on, to suffer; eating
  • 乞 qǐ - beg; request ( 乙 yǐ second; 2nd heavenly stem 𠂉)

• 号 Hào - mark, sign; symbol; number

  • 丂 kǎo - obstruction of breath (qi) as it seeks release; variant of other

  characters (一㇉)

• 可 Kě - may, can, -able; possibly ; but, yet ; particle used for emphasis (丁口)
  • 丁 dīng - male adult; robust, vigorous; 4th heavenly stem
• 司 Sī - to manage, to control; department, division; orig. 后 - a person's anus, behind walls.
• 吊 diào - to hang, to pity, to condole, to lift up with a rope, to revoke; Classifier for strings of 1000 copper coins.
• 哥 Gē - elder brother (可)

龱 囚 囯 围

• 四 Sì - 4 four (冂儿一)
• 国 guó - country, state, nation; national(玉)
• 囧 Jiǒng - an emoticon expressing surprise, original: "patterned window" (四 儿 ér 口 kǒu)
• 回 huí - to return, to answer, to turn around; a time; measure word for time (口 kǒu)
• 因 Yīn - beacause; reason, cause (大)
• 團/团 Tuán - group, corps, organization; round, circular; to unite; to link; measure word for balls (专)
  • 專/专 zhuān - cool!, special; orig. 叀 “spindle” + 又 “hand” – a hand turning a spindle or spinning wheel.

圡 圠 圶 垚 地 壁 壓

• 去 qù - go away, leave, depart (厶 sī) Цюй
• 在 zài - be at, in, on; consist in, rest (𠂇丨土)
• 垃 Lè - garbage, rubbish (立)
• 地 De - land, ground, place; topographic; Particle indicating the preceding word is used as an adverb.
• 压 Yā - to press, to push down, to control; in the first place (厂圡)
• 圡 - variant as 土.

声 志 壵 壹

処 处 条 备

夏

外 邜 夗、岁

• 歹(歺)
• 多 Duō - many, much, multi-
• 名 Míng - name, reputation, fame; orig: moon + mouth - to say one's own name to identify oneself in the dark (口 kǒu)

夨 夶 㚐 𡘙 夭、夯

• 禾、木
• 太 Tài - too, very, excessively; highest (大丶)
• 天 Tiān - sky, day, God, overhead, небо; orig. a man with a large head or crown of the head, an anthropomorphic representation of heaven. (一)
• 关 Guān - to shut, to close, to pass ; barrier; sticking (丷天)
• 央 Yāng - central, to beg (冂)
• 头 Tóu - head, top, hair, first, leading, measure word for livestock (the simplified form of 頭) (冫bīng)
• 实 Shí - fact, reality; real, true; honest, sincere (宀 mián)
• 奇 Qí - strange; to wonder, to surprise; odd number (Kě)

妄 姆 㚣 奻 姫 姦

• 好 Hǎo - good
• 奶 Nǎi - milk, breast, tits, to suckle (乃 nǎi)
• 妈 Mā - mom, mama (马 mǎ)
• 如 Rú - as, as if, to comply with, for example, than; if, supposing. orig. a woman obeying an order (口 kǒu)
• 始 Shǐ - the beginning, the start; to start (台 tower, stage, table)
• 安 Ān - safe, secure; to install, to fit; peace; orig. person sitting at home
• 案 Àn - case, event, incident; orig. someone untouchable + wood ritual (安木)

孔 孖 學 孨 my:

• 学 Xué - to learn, school, suffix -logy (小)
• 字 zì - letter / symbol / character / word (宀(㇔㇔㇇))

㝉 守 寒

• 家 Jiā - home, family, domesticated, suffix -er -ian -ist (豕 shǐ - a pig, boar)
• 它 Tā - it (匕)
• 定 Dìng - to set, to fix, to decide; fixed, definite; certainly, surely (正)
• 完 Wán - over, complete, to finish (元 Yuán)

寺 夺 尊 將

• 寺 Sì - temple, monastery, place of worship, shrine; orig. to grasp, to hold(土寸)
• 对 Duì - correct, to, at, pair, yes, to be opposite, to oppose, orderly (又 yòu) -

尐、劣、尛、當、栄

• 少 Shǎo - few, less, little; small, young, week; to stop, to lack, to lose, son of a rich family; orig. four dots (丿)
• 你 Nǐ - you, second person pronoun
• 尔/尓 Ěr - thou, you, your; like so, like that, this way; that, those; final particle (⺈/𠂉)
• 尖 Jiān - tip; sharp, pointed, piercing (大)

㝼 尬 尪 尷 尤、尷、尬、尩

• 就 Jiù - At once, then; on, concerting; that, as soon as; to undertake, move toward; orig. 京 a tower 尤 "especially; even more" - "high; to go to a higher place to sacrifice".

𡰪 局

• 戶(户、戸)
• 尺 Chǐ - ruler, foot, to rule
• 屎 shǐ - shit; to stool; orig. person + 米 rice
• 尽 Jǐn - to exhaust, to use up, finished, to the utmost, to the limit
• 尾 Wěi - tail; end, extremity; stern; orig. "person" + 毛 máo "hair; feather".

㞢 屯 芔 茻 屯、屰、頓

• 艸
• 出 Chū - to come out (凵)

• 乢 㞤 岀 岩

州 巡 災 順

巧 左 巫 㠭

• 左 Zuǒ - left; east; areas to the east; etc. (𠂇)
• 卫 Wèi - guard, defend, protect

导 异 忌

• 改 Gǎi - to change, to alter, to modify (攴攵)
• 巴 Bā - to hope; a suffix below behind stickiness; orig. a huge snake.
• 吧 Ba - used at the end: why don't you, Whatever, really?!, emphasis.

币 帀 市 布 巿 常 v** 51. 干 gān

• 于 Yú - at, in, to, on, for, when
• 千 Qiān - thousand, kilo. mean: more than ten (㇒十)
• 乎 Hū - almost, interrogative particle similar to a question mark "?"
• 刊 Kān - published, publication, to print, journal
• 平 Píng - flat, level, average, to draw, tie
• 年 Nián - the year, annual, age (𠂉厂十)

幻 幼 乣 樂

床 店 府 度 座 庭 廣 廳

延 廷 廽

• 建 to build, to establish, to set up, to erect; organizational; orig: a hand planting a pole into a base (聿)

弁 卉 㚏 㫒 my:

• 拼 pīn - join together, link, incorporate (扌shǒu hand + 并 combine)

  • 并 bìng, bīng - but, to combine, to annex, to join, to merge; and, furthermore,

  also, together with, (not) at all, simultaneously

  • 开 kāi - open
• 弄 Nòng - alley, lane, trick; to do, to play, to bully, to fetch, to fool with; orig. 玉 “jade” + 廾 “hands” – play with a jade artefact using one's hands.

弑 弍 忒

• 戈
• 代 dài - to replace, to substitute replacement (of person or generation); era, generation.
• 式 Shì - mode, formula, type, style, ceremony, model, pattern, form (一工㇏丶)

弜 弱 彌

• 弟 Dì - younger brother (丷弔丿)
  • 弔 diào dì - to mourn, to hang; condole, mourn, pity; 2. to reach, to arrive; good
• 𠂔 Zǐ - to stop, (姊 Zǐ - Sister) (phonetic)
• 引 Yǐn - to quote, to lead, to pull; quoted; orig. bow string which is pulled (丨)
• 強/强 Qiáng - powerful, better, strong; strength, power, force; orig: rice weevil, an insect that attacks rice (虫)

夛 彔 录 彖

形 彦 杉 須

• 手, 毛

𢒼 役 彼 後 徼

• 行
• 得 Dé - to get; to contract (disease); ought to ; finished, ready ; particle showing degree, particle showing possibility
  • 㝵 (ancient form) cowry was picked up on the road with hand > to obtain valuables (貝 cowry + 又 hand)
  • 旦 Dàn - early morning, dawn ; day (旦旦 every day) ; first day of a lunar month (日 rì)
  • 寸 cùn
• 街 Jiē - street; orig. road + stack of (clay, jade) tablets + step with right hand. (圭亍)

必 忌 忙 性 悪 惢 情

• 快 kuài - rapid, quick, speedy; fast, soon; speed; hurry up
  • 夬 guài - parted; fork; certain (乛大 dà)
• 慢 Màn - slow, tardiness (медлительность), defer (откладывать)
  • 曼 Màn - long, extended, vast; beautiful (曰罒又)
• 怪 Guài - strange, odd; to blame; monster, teratology
  • 圣 1) Shèng - holy, sacred; sait, sage 2) kū - to dig

• 感 Gǎn - to feel, to move (someone), to affect; the feel, sense, touch, Kudzu (咸心)

  • 咸 Xián - salty; all, completely; orig: 戌 “axe” + 口 “mouth (person) or clay

  pot” (厂一口弋)

• 性 Xìng - sex, gender, nature; suffix -ity,-ness (生)
• 懂 Dǒng - Understand
  • 董 dǒng - to direct, to supervise; director, supervisor (艹重)
• 悤/总 Zǒng - total, gross general; always; chief, head; to assemble, to gather; orig. window closed or small dick 囪/囱

• 想 Xiǎng - to think, to want, to wish, to suppose, to believe; would like (相)

  • 相 Xiāng - to see for oneself; mutually; phase; orig: (目 eye) looking at, or

  watching the tree.

戊 戉 戓 戌 戦

• 戏 Xì - play, drama, sport; to play, to show, to joke (又)
• 我 Wǒ - I, me, myself

帍 戻 所 扁

• 啟/启 Qǐ - to start, to open, to enlighten, to awaken; orig. open mouth 口 + door + to tap or pattern 攵

扎 払 打 抙 拜 拳 掌 掱 擧

• 毛
• 看 Kàn - look, to see, to look, to watch, to read, to look after (hand 目 mù eye)
• 换 Huàn - to change, to exchange, to swap; change, exchange
  • 奂 huàn - be numerous, brilliant (央⺈)
• 打 Dǎ - to beat, to fight, to break; dozen; since, from (丁)
• 找 zhǎo - to look for, to seek. (hand + dagger) 戈
• 把 Bǎ - to hold; special grammar structure: to cause to, to make; Classifier for objects that can be held, abstract ideas (巴)
• 接 Jiē - to catch; orig. to receive (in the hand) female criminal. (扌妾)

攱 攲 翅 妓

• 皮

收 敍 數 斅 my:

• 做 zuò - to do, to make, to be, to act, to prepare, to be used as; lit. man old hand

  • 古 gǔ - old, classic, ancient (十 shí - ten, tenth; complete; perfect 口 kǒu -

  mouth; open end; entrance, gate)

㐎 刘 斌 斑 斕

㪳 㪲 乧 斡 𣁾

斥 斦 斧 斬 斷

• 新 Xīn - new, fresh, newly
  • 亲 Qīn - relative, parent, to kiss, close, dear (立, 朩 Děng)

听 - 听 Tīng - to listen, to hear, to understand, obey (口 kǒu)

放 𣃚 旅 族

• 万 Wàn - ten thousand, innumerable, absolutely, extremely (一𠃌丿)
• 五 Wǔ - five (丅𠃍一)
• 放 Fàng - to put, to place, to disharge, to release; 方 tip of a blade + 攵 “hand, action” – an action, release.

旡 炁 既 旣

明 冐 映 時 𣊭 旨

• 曰, 月, 白, 艮, 門, 音, 香, 骨
• 早 Zǎo - morning; good morning!;early, beforehand; orig. 日 "sun" + 十 an old form of 甲 (jiǎ), which means “first” or “armor.”
• 但 dàn - only; but, however, yet; still (亻旦)
• 旦 dàn - early morning, dawn; day; first day of a lunar month; orig:the sun (日) appearing over the horizon (一).
• 明 Míng - bright, next, clear, to understand (月 yuè)
• 時/时 Shí - time, season; era, age, period; from time to time, occasionally; lit. day pulse (寸 cùn)
• 春 Chūn - spring; orig. 艸 (“grass”) + 屯 "sprout” + 日 “sun” (𡗗) (三八日)

書 晉 曷 曹 曾

• 更 Gēng - re- in renew, replace; up-to-date; orig. 丙 "two chariots" + 攴 “hand holding a whip; action” гэн
• 最 Zuì - most, bottom; suffix: -est orig. 取 to grap ear + under cap 冃⺜

刖 服 朤

• 青 Qīng - blue, green, black (of silk, hair), young; orig. 生 “growth of plants” + 丹 “cinnabar” - color of growing plants (龶土tǔ)
• 有 Yǒu - to have; there is, to exist. orig: 又 “hand” + ⺼ “meat” – a hand holding meat, hence “in possession of” (𠂇)
• 朋 Péng - friend, pal, companion, acquaintance
• 期 Qī - to expect; period, phase, stage; alloted, promissory; orig. basket + moon (其)

札 杢 林 杉 杰 森 楽 機

• 禾
• 不 Bù not, no, не (丆丨丶)
• 否 fǒu, pǐ - not, no, negative; final particle (口)
• 朩 děng - rank, grade; wait; equal; 'etc.'
• 殺/杀 Shā - to kill, to murder; murderous; in the extreme (㐅朩)
• 本 běn - book, this, origin, undergraduate (一)
• 体 tǐ - body, group, unit; inferior (人 Rén)
• 未 Wèi - not yet, not, to have not
• 末 Mò - the end, last
• 术 Shù - technique, art (丶)
• 根 Gēn - root, source (艮 преграда; твёрдый, крепкий)
• 茶 chá - tea, tea plant (艹人木)
• 余 - surplus, odd, remainder, I, me, after, beyound
• 果 Guǒ - fruit, result, indeed, if really (日木)
• 乐 Lè - happy; music, fun, laugh; to laugh (㇒𠃋小)
• 东 Dōng - east; host; eastern; cursive version of 東 (一𠃋小)

欣 欽 欧 欲 歌 欣、欥

• 次 Cì - secondary; times, time, order, number, bout; orig. 二,㇌ (冫)

欽 欧 欲 歌

• 足, 辵
• 正/𤴓 Zhèng - just, positive, correct, to correct, first month of year
• 步 Bù - "to go", to walk, to foot; walking; step, stage. orig. 止 + 止 "two foots"
• 此 Cǐ - this, these; here, now; orig. 止 “feet” + 人 “person” – where a person stops; here.

殃 殕

• 列 Liè - a list of objects, column of table; to list, to split. orig: 歹 (“skeletal remains”) + 刀 (“knife”) – to tear apart.
• 死 Sǐ - to die; deadly; rigid; orig. 歹 + 人

役 投 殴 殷

• 设 Shè - to set up; if, suppose, (math.) given (讠)
• 沒/没 Méi - without, not; to have not, to desappear, to die; drowned; haven't; orig. (river, whirlpool, hand)

姆 梅

• 毎、每 Měi - every, each, per…

皆 批 毕 毖 毘 毚

毟 毡 毦 毫 毳 耗

紙 婚 氓

• 民 Mín - people, nationality, citizens; civil, folk; orig. an eye pierced by a dagger "to enslave by blinding".

氖 氝 氧 氰

氷 泳 決 治 海 演 㴇 㵘

• 永 Yǒng - forever, always, for ever, perpetually, perpetual (丶水)
• 冰 Bīng - ice (冫bīng)
• 海 Hǎi - ocean, sea, naval, oceanic (上海 Shanghai) (毎(𠂉母)
• 沒 Méi - not (勹 bāo 又 yòu) (river, whirlpool, hand)
• 汉 Hàn - Chinese, Han Dynasty, Chinese people, Chinese language (又 yòu)

• 游 Yóu - tour; to swim, to journey; itinerant

  • 斿 - decoration hanging down from a flag; orig. a child 子 holding a flag 㫃 (to

  travel) (方 fāng 𠂉子)

• 求 Qiú - to seek, to look for, to beg, to demand; orig. fur coat (一氺丶)
• 沙 Shā - sand; sandy, granulated; lit. water + 少 (“to lack; to be short of”).

灯 炑 灻 燚 烹 焦 然 煮

爬 爯 爭 爰 爲

斧 爸 釜 爹

爼 爽 爾 㸚

牀 奘 牃 牆

牌 牒 牘

• 版 bǎn - version, edition, page, a register, block of printing, page of a newspaper

  • 片 - piàn, piān, pàn - slice, splinter, strip
  • 反 - Fǎn - reverse, opposite; adv. instead, on the contrary; to turn over;

  prefix: anti- counter-; orig. to make someone return money (𠂆又)

芽 呀 牚

牟 牧 物 解

• 告 gào - "marking a dangerous bull", tell, announce, inform; orig. 牛 (“ox”) + 口, an ox head above a container to gather its blood "to pray and offer sacrifice".
• 特 Tè - special, especially (土寸)
• 物 Wù - thing, matter, object, substance (勿 Wù)
• 午 Wǔ - noon, seventh earthly branch (𠂉一丿)
• 半 Bàn - "things divided in the middle"; half; halfway, partly; prefix semi- (丷二丨)
  • 八 (“to divide”) + 牛 (“cow”) – to cut a cow into two halves.

犯 狙 献 獣

• 狗 Gǒu - dog, puppy - Гоу
  • 句 Jù - sentence, measure word for sentences (勹 bāo, 口 kǒu) Цзюй
• 猪 Zhū - pig, hog, wild boar (耂 lǎo 日 rì)
• 狂 Kuáng - insane, mad; violent; wild (王 Wáng)

弦 玅 玆 䲻

玌 珡 弄 皇 差 聖

• 生、隹
• 主 Zhǔ - main, primary; master, host, owner; to advocate, to direct
• 玉 Yù - jade, jasper(нефрит); beautiful, pure
• 玊 sù - jade with defects ; jade carver; jade sculptor
• 王 Wáng - king, monarch
• 国 guó - nation, country, nation-state (囗 wéi erect, proud; upright; bald)
• 住 Zhù - live, dwell
• 理 Lǐ - reason, truth; to manage, to tidy; orig: "to polish jade" (𤣩里)
• 往 Wǎng - to go in a direction; toward; fro; past, bound ; orig. 止 “foot” + 王 + 彳 "slow" ; 往里进 (Wǎng lǐ jìn): Go in, go inside

呱 瓞 瓟 㼎

瓧 邷 瓮 甄

某 柑 酣

• 甜 Tián - sweet, honyed, sound (舌)

牲 甡 笙 甥

佣 甬 甯 勇

• 角

町 㽗 思 留 壨 申

• 車, 里
• 由 Yóu - by, from, due to, because of ; cause ; to follow, to let one determine. orig. helmet (冂一丨一)
• 甲 Jiǎ - First, armor, nail, orig: turtle shell. (冂二丨)
• 电 Diàn - electricity; to got/give an electric shock (日乚)
• 畫/画 Huà - painting; to draw, to picture (一凵)
• 富/冨 Fù - rich, wealthy; lit. a house/roof + filled (宀畐)
• 畐 fú - (obsolate) full, filled, a kind of container or vessel (一口)
• 一口田

𤴓 蛋 楚 胥 疏

• 是/昰 Shì - to be, to exist; righ, correct; yes; orig. 早 earl, day, 之 this.

病 症 痛 癌 癖

癷 発 登 發

㿟 皆 皛

• 的 De - of, possessive particle ; suffix “-ific” and “-atic ; between adjective and noun (omitted when the association is frequent); end of sentence: nominal expression, for emphasis
  • 勺 sháo - spoon, ladle; unit of volume (勹 bāo, 丶 zhǔ)
• 百 Bǎi - hundred

披 彼 波 玻 皯、皰、皴

盂 盉 盍 監 蘯 盃、盅

• 盘 Pán - plate, tray, dish, set, game, disk; to coil, to twist, to make over (舟)
• 盜/盗 Dào - to steal, to rob; thief, robber, bandit; orig. spitting into dash (次)

見 省 眠 観 覧

• 眼 (phonetic 艮 gēn)
• 直 Zhí - straight, directly, vertical, upright, just. orig: vertical stroke above the eye, looking straight ahead. (𠂇冂三一)
• 具 Jù - tool, equipment, device orig: 貝 “shell, money” + 廾 “two hands”.
• 算 Suàn - to calculate, to count, to plan; finally; orig: 竹 (“bamboo”) + 目 + 廾 "two hands" - counting rods or an abacus

𡛺 柔 矜 矞

族 矩 短 雉

• 知 Zhī - to know, to perceive, to comprehend, to notify, to inform (口 kǒu)

岩 砂 破 砳 磊

• 码 Mǎ - code, number, yard; orig. stone + fonetic "gambling chip" (马 mǎ)
• 破 Pò - to break, to solve. orig. "stone" + "skin" (皮)

礼 奈 神 祭 視 禁 福 礽

• 社 Shè - society, club, group, agency; orig. "god, deity" + 土 "soil" = god of the soil
• 亍 Chù - to step with the right foot; based on.

禹 禺 禽

利 季 科 秂 秏

• 和 hé - sum, peace; add; together; to mix; hormonious (口 kǒu)
• 私 Sī - private, personal, secret (厶 sī)
• 程 Chéng - Procedure, weights and measures, measurements of all kinds; rules; model (呈)
  • 呈 chéng - to submit, to present, to show (口(王or𡈼))
• 称 to weigh, to call, to name; suitable (尓)
• 穩/稳 wěn - stable, steady, sure, settled (㥯/急)
  • 急 jí - urgent, anxious; emergency, urgency; to warry (及+心) (⺈⺕丶乚丶丶)

突 窅 窘 窩 窶 竇

• 空 Kōng - empty, bare ; air, null, sky (工)

• 咅 産 竝 端 競 竸
• 站 Zhàn - station, to stop, to stand, to halt. orig: stand + 占 observe = tower like
• 位 Wèi - position, bits
• 音 Yīn - sound, voice, tone, news, note, pronunciation; sonic; orig. 言 “word” with something in 口 “mouth”, (日) - инь
• 意 Yì - meaning, intention, idea, desire ; to imply, to suggest (心)
• 新 Xīn - new, fresh, newly (斤)
  • 亲 Qīn - relative, parent, to kiss, close, dear
  • 朩 Děng - rank, grade; wait; equal; 'etc.'

竺 笁 第 簡

• 筯 Zhù - chopsticks

• 助 zhù - help, aid, assist; orig. erect penis + strong arm (力)

  • 且 qiě, jū - moreover, also (post-subject); about to, will soon (pre-verb);

  orig. sacrificial vessel, erect penis, a stone altar,

• 等 Děng - to wait; till, when; grade, rank, class, kind (寺 temple)
• 笑 Xiào - laugh, laughing, smile, laughter; to laugh, to smile; orig. “grass” + 犬 “dog” (夭)

料 䊏 奥 麟

• 数 Shù - number, count, figure, calculation, fate; several, the best, to count, to calculate; frequently (攵 suī 女 nǚ)
• 类 Lèi - kind, class, type; to class, to type, to sort (大)
• 断 Duàn - to break, absolutely, cut off (𠃊/乚米斤)

缸 缺 㓡 窑

• 编 Biān - to compile, to edit, to arrange; book, copy (纟扁)

  • 扁 Biǎn - flat; small boat; orig: 戶 “door” + 冊 “bamboo tablets” – to inscribe

  on the door.

  • 冊 cè - book, volume; orig: bamboo slips strung together.
• 纸 Zhǐ - a paper (氏)

罕 䍑 䍞 𦋐 羅 罔、罕、罘

• 风
• 刚 Gāng - adv. just, barely; adj. firm, hard; (刂)

着 羞 羚 翔 羋、羌

• 美 Měi - beautiful, good, pretty; US/USA; orig. 羊 “ram or feathers” + 大 “person” (𦍌大)
• 样 Yàng - sample, kind, type, way, appearance, manner; printed (木)

習 翀 翁 翔

孝 耇 㐗 耋

• 者 Zhě - by, person, one who does, suffix -er, -ist, -or (猪 Zhū - pig) (日 rì)
• 教 - teaching, class, religion ; to teach, to instruct (子 zǐ 攵攴 pū)

耎 耍 耐 耑

耔 耝 耨 耰

聞 職 聶

• 职 Zhí - position, office, duty (只 口+八 only, just, simply)
• 取 Qǔ - to take, to get, to fetch, to seek, to aim; orig. 耳 “ear” + 又 “hand” - to take an enemy's ear and carry it in one's hand

𦘒 律 書 衋

肏 𦞳 𦞴 腅 脤

臥 宦 臦 蔵

臫 息 臬 臲

致 臸 臺 臷

• 到 - Dào - to arrive, to reach ; up (刂 dāo)

桕 舅 舂 插

舍

• 話/话 Huà - to talk, words, word, dialect, speach (讠yán слово, речь)
• 甜 Tián - sweet (甘 gān)
• 适 Shì - suitable, proper, to fit, to suit
• 乱 Luàn - disorder, chaos; disorderly; lit. tongue + 乚 go to hidden.

舛 舜 桀 舞

航 船 艉 艦

良 垦 䬶

• 很 hěn - very, quite, much (彳 chì)

色 艴 艷

苦 落 幕 薬

• 草 Cǎo - grass, straw; rough, careless, hasty (早)
• 花 Huā - a flower, a bloom, to spend, flowery
• 英 Yīng (艹cǎo央Yāng。central 冂大) - Britain, a flower, brave
• 茶 chá - tea, tea plant (人木)

虐 彪 虒

• 虎 Hǔ [卜厂匕几] - Tiger
• 虛/虚 Xū - virtual, false, empty, weak; void, emptiness; in vain (业) - Сюй

蚯 蚓 強 触 䖵 蟲

• 蛇 Shé - snake, serpent (它 Tā - it (宀匕))

洫 衁 衅 衆

衍 術 䡓 衝

• 彳亍 (Chì chù) - walk slowly. to step with left foot to step with right foot (彳亍)

初 被 装 裁 複

栗 䙳 票 覊

• 要 Yào - to want, to ask for; important; orig: a woman (女) with two hands pointing to her midsection.

覞 親 覺 觀

• 现 Xiàn - now, cash; current; to appear, to manifest, to become visible (王 wáng)

觚 解 觕 觥 觸

䚰 訌 詔 評 詗 詥 誩 譶

• 词 Cí - word, term
• 講/讲 jiǎng - to say, to speak, to tell, to speak (language), to explain (井)
• 语 Yǔ - language, speach, dialect; spoken (吾)
  • 吾 wú - I, my (五 + 口 mouth)
• 谢 Xiè - to thank, thank-you (射 Shè)
• 试 Shì - to try, to test; test, experiment, exam, experimentation (式 standard)

• 议 Yì - to discuss, to talk; to argue; negotiated

  • 义 1. right conduct; righteousness; justice; morality; ties 2. 叉 Chā fork; to

  use a fork; to pick up with a fork; (乂丶)

• 谨 Jǐn - sincerely, respectfully; orig. a person being burned in a sacrificial ceremony (堇)

谿 豀 卻 焀

豈 豇 豎 豐

豖 豚 豩 燹

豹 貌 貓 貈 貉

財 賊 賜 贛 貧 貨 賏 贔

• 责 Zé - responsibility, duty, to blame
• 负 Fù - burden, negative, to bear, to owe (⺈ dāo - knife) (负面 Fùmiàn - nagative)
• 员 Yuán - member, suffix for professions (口 kǒu)

赫 赧 赭 赬

赴 超 趲

• 起 Qǐ - to rise, to start, to begin (己,巳 jǐ)

䟔 䟖 跀 跖 踀

躬 躲 軀

• 射 Shè - to shoot, ejaculate, to cum (寸 cùn)

軌 軟 較 䡛 轟

辜 辟 辣 辦 辡

辱 唇 脣 農

巡 𨑨 𨑬 追 逃 迎 進 my:

• 道 Dào - path, road, street, method, technique, way, Taoist ; to say, to talk (首 shǒu)
• 这 Zhè - this, these; now, here; orig. 辶 “walk” + 言 = was to meet, then changed.
• 还 Hái - still, yet, also, besides, else ; to return, to pay back; any more (不 Bù 辶)
• 进 Jìn - to enter, drilling
• 过 Guò - to pass, to pass through, go across; verbal complement: over ; particle: already, again (寸 cùn). 不过 (Bùguò) but
• 送 Sòng - to deliver, to send; lit. close for a long distance (关)

邦 郎 部 郭 鄉

• 哪 Nǎ - which, what, final particle (口 kǒu)
• 那 Nà - than; that; those; how
  • 冄 rǎn - tender; weak; gradually alternating (𠃌二丿)
• 都 Dōu - all, both; capital; entirely (者 Zhě)

酊 酗 酒 醒 酸

番 悉 釉 釋

• 來/来木从

野

• 重 Zhòng - prefix: re- ; heavy, important ; weight, iteration; again; to double, to repeat ; orig: a man carrying heavy 千 bags standing on the ground.(㇒一里)
• 单 Dān - single, odd; alone, only; list, sheet, bill (丷日十)

釓 釔 釞 釗 釙 釘 釥 鍂 鑫 𨰻

• 键 Jiàn - a key, button, door bolt, lock bolt; key; etc.(建)
• 链 Liàn - chain (连)
  • 连 Lián - even, repeatedly; to connect; company; orig. man-drawn carriage (辶车)

髟 肆 镽 镾

閃 閄 閊 𨳍 問 闁 𨶹

• 们 men - plural marker for pronouns (人)
• 问 Wèn - to ask, to inquire; unsolved; question (口 kǒu)
• 简 Jiǎn - simple, terse, succinct, letter (竹 zhú 亇)
• 間/间 Jiān - between, among; room; to separate; measure word for rooms (日 Rì)

阪 阻 陘 院 险 陳

• 陆 lù - land (凵; 手扌hand) or mountain with eath?
• 防 Fáng - to defend, to protect

隸

• 逮 Dǎi - to catch, to arrest
• 康 Kāng - peaceful

隺 倠 集 雙 雔 雥 雦 隻、隼、隽

• 谁 Shéi - who?,whose,anyone,whoever (言讠yán - word)
• 难 Nán - disaster, difficulty, problem; difficult, hard, troublesome (又)
• 集 Jí - set, collection; to collect, to gather; collected ; orig. three birds on tree (木)

雪 電 霝 霜 靐 䨻

• 需 Xū - to need, to require, to want; necessary, necessity; required; orig. a person (天) under the rain (雨)

靕 靖 靚 靜

• 请 Qǐng - to ask, to request, to invite, to hire; please, kindly; orig. word + green (讠) - Цин

剕 靟 靠 輩

勔 靦 靧 靨

靴 鞍 鞅 鞍 鞭

韌 韓 韜 韞

韱 䪤 韲

歆 韶 𩐠 䪭

項 順 須 領 頭 頩 頂 顨

• 题 Tí - question, title, problem; to inscribe (是)

颱 飄 颩 䬕 飍 颭、颮

𢝵 𢞵 飜 飝

飯 飲 餓 餘 餐 養 my:

• 饭 fàn - cooked rice; food, meal

  • 反 fǎn, fān - reverse, opposite, contrary, anti (又 yòu - and, also, again, in

  addition)

馗 馘

• 道 Dào - road, method, way, Taoist, to say (辶 chuò 首 shǒu)

䭯 馥 馨 馫

馰 馴 馽 駐 騳 驫

• 码 Mǎ - code, number (石 shí)
• 吗 Ma - final interrogative particle, morphine (口 kǒu)

骼 髒 髀 骿 骾

㪣 髚 髛 髜

髮 鬚 鬆 鬍 髦

鬧 鬪 鬬 鬮

鬰 鬱

䰙 鬶 鬷 鬸

• 隔 Gé - to separate, to block; partition; after an interval of, at a distance from; orig. a row of hills (阝) + pottery

魂 魁 鬽 魄

魜 魞 䰲 魝 𩵚 䲆 鱻 䲜

鳫 鳮 鳱 鳳 鳴 鳿 雞 鳴 鴻 鴛

卥 卣 鹼 鹽 䴝

塵 麃 麋 麉 麟

麴 麵 麱 麨 麺

麽 麼 魔 㸏

黊 黌

黏 黎 䵚 黐

䵝 默 點 黛

黺 黼 黻

鄳 鼈 黿 鼆

鼏 鼒 䵻

鼕 瞽 鼗 鼘

鼢 鼣 鼤 鼺

鼼 劓 鼽 鼿

齋 齏 齎 齏

䶚 齡 齠 齗

龑 聾 龖 龘

龝 䶰

䶳 𦒈 龥 龤

• 我的… (wǒ de) my
• …是我的 (shì wǒ de): … is mine
• 令尊 (lìngzūn) - your father - (respectful) your

• 同 Tóng - same
• 有人 Yǒurén - someone, somebody
• 都 Dōu - all, both; capital; entirely
  • 都是夜猫子 (Dōu shì yèmāozi) - They are all night owls

自己 (zì jǐ) - A reflexive pronoun is a pronoun that refers to another noun or pronoun (its antecedent) within the same sentence.

• 他喜歡他自己 (Tā xǐ huàn tā zì jǐ) - He likes himself.
• 我自己喜欢 (Wǒ zì jǐ xǐ huàn) - I, myself, like it.

• 这个人 (this person - the third-person)
• 这位法官 (Zhè wèi fǎguān): this judge (the third-person)
• 这间公司 (Zhè jiān gōngsī): this company (the third-person)
• 本人 = this person (the first-person) –> this person (I myself)
• 本官 = this judge (the first-person) –> this judge, (I myself)
• 本公司 = this company (the first-person) –> this company (our company)
• 这个星期六 - Zhège xīngqíli - this Saturday (this)
• 本週六 - Běn zhōu liù - this Saturday (current)
• 今個世紀 - Jīn gè shìjì - today centery (now in this centery)
• 本世紀 - Běn shìjì - this century, in this century
• 今年 - Jīnnián - this year
• 本年度 - Běn Niándù - the current year (year degree,spend,time)

there 那儿 - Nà'er (That Son)

here

• 这儿 (this Son)
• 这里 (this inside)

那个房子是我的。(Nàge fángzi shì wǒde) The house is mine.

这个啊 (Zhège a) - This one

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_pronouns

• 你好 (nǐ hǎo) - for regular, for equal
• 你们好 (Nǐmen hǎo) - for more than one person
• 您好 (Nín hǎo) - for respect
• 很高兴认识你 (hěn gāoxìng rènshí nǐ) - nice to meet you. lit. very happy know you.
• 大家好 (Dàjiā hǎo) - Hello everybody! lit. 'big family good'
  • 大家 does mean 'everyone'
• 哈啰 - ha1 lo5 - Hello
• 欸 (Āi): Hey!
• 早 Zǎo - Good morning! - 早上好 (Zǎoshàng hǎo)
• 晚上好 (Wǎnshàng hǎo) - good evening. lit. night previous good.
• 晚安 (Wǎn'ān) - Good night. lit. night secure
  • 欢迎来到 (Huānyíng lái dào) - Welcome to …
  • 欢迎 Huānyíng - welcome (happy to_meet)
  • 来到 Lái dào - to come (come arrive/reach)
• 请进 (Qǐng jìn) - Please come_in/enter.
• 请坐 (Qǐng zuò) - Please sit down.
• 好吗？(Hǎo ma) - How is (it)?
• 不错 (Bùcuò) - Ok, not bad.
• see 12
• 最近怎么样 (Zuìjìn zěnme yàng) How are you lately? lit. Recent how kind/way?

• 再见 (Zàijiàn): goodbye - Цзайцзянь
  • 再 again
  • 见 see, meet
• 拜拜 (Bàibài): Bye-Bye
• 回头见 (Huítóu jiàn) - See you later. lit. Later meet.
• 再见 (Zàijiàn): goodbye. lit. Again/another meet.
• 明天见 (míngtiān): see you tomorrow
• 初次见面 (Chūcì jiànmiàn): Nice to meet you. lit. First time meeting.
• 认识你很高兴 (Rènshí nǐ hěn gāoxìng)
  • It's nice to meet you. lit. Recognize you very glad.

• 这个了 (Zhègele) - This is it. ; 就这个了 (Jiù zhègele)
• 乞讨 (qǐ tǎo) - begging, to beg (begging discuss)
• 需要 (Xūyào) - need, want, demand; to need, to want, to demand; required
  • 我需要钱 (Wǒ xūyào qián) I need money
• 不客气 (Bù kèqì) - you are welcome. Don't be polite (quest smell). Не благодарствуй.
• 不用谢 (Bùyòng xiè) - no need to thank. you are welcome.
• 我忘了 (Wǒ wàngle) - I forgot.
• 算了 (Suànle) - forget it.
• 没事了 (Méishìle) - never mind, forget it, it's OK. lit. don't metter this.
• 我不管 (Wǒ bùguǎn) - I do not care (no care)
• 无所谓 Wúsuǒwèi - doesn't matter (no place meaning)
• 我不在乎 Wǒ bùzàihū - I do not care (no exist almost)
• 好久不见 (Hǎojiǔ bùjiàn) "Long time no see" Haven't seen [you] in a long time.
  • 好久不 見 (Mandarin traditional), 好 耐 冇 見 (Cantonese).
• 这要看情况 Zhè yào kàn qíngkuàng - it depends on the situation (it want look condition) - Кань Цин Куан
• 真的吗 Zhēn de ma - Really? (real of)
• 我在开玩笑 Wǒ zài kāiwánxiào - I am kidding (I in joke/fun(open play laugh))
• 附近有地铁吗 Fùjìn yǒu dìtiě ma? - Is there a subway nearby? (nearby have subway)
• 请快一点儿 Qǐng kuài yīdiǎnr - please hurry up - Цин Куай И Дянь Эр
• 例如， Lìrú, - for example …
• 看看这个 Kàn kàn zhège - check this out!
• 看一下这个 Kàn yīxià zhège - look at this!
• 慢走 màn zǒu - take care on the way. lit. walk slow
• 我知道了 (Wǒ zhīdàole) - I know now = I got it
• 有了 (Yǒule) - Got it
• 明白了 (Míngbáile) - Got it
• 懂了 (Dǒngle) - understood, got it
• 你怎么了？(Nǐ zěnmeliǎo) - What’s wrong with you? lit. you how now?
• 原来如此 (Yuánlái rúcǐ) - I see. lit turn out to be, in this way (according_to this)
• 有道理的 (yǒu dàolǐ de) - it makes sense. lit. have reason
• 同性恋 (Tóngxìngliàn) - homosexual love
  • 同性 (Tóngxìng) - homosexual (same sex/gender)
• 熟女乱伦 (Shúnǚ luànlún) - MILF Incest. lit. skilled woman chaos relationship

怎么你了 (Zěnme nǐle) - What's wrong with you?

我好像明白你们的意思了

• (Wǒ hǎoxiàng míngbái nǐmen de yìsile)
• I seem to understand what you mean.
• lit. I seem understand your meaning
• 意思 (Yìsi) meaning, sense, fun (meaning think)

累死我了。 。 。 (Lèi sǐ wǒle): I'm exhausted. . .

• 累 (Lèi) - tired, weary; to accumulate, to tire; heap
• 死 (Sǐ) - to die; deadly; rigid;

谢谢。OK。我去看看 (Wǒ qù kàn kàn): I gonna go see

哟，谁家小孩来了 (Yō, shéi jiā xiǎohái láile)

• Oh, whose kid is here? (lit. has come)

• 先生 - xiānsheng - господин
• 先生们 - xiānsheng men - господа
• 女士 - nǚshì - дама, lady, madam, Ms., Miss
• 女士们- nǚshì men - дамы
• 太太 Tàitài - Mrs

see 34.6 male:

• 同志 (tóng zhì) - товарищ
• 同志们 (tóng zhì men) - товарищи
• 朋友 (péng yòu) - друг
• 朋友们 (péng yòu men) - друзья
• 同事 (tóngshì) - коллега, colleague
• 同事们 (tóngshì men) - коллеги, colleagues, coworkers
• 兄弟們 (Xiōngdìmen) - Bros
• 男性 (nánxìng) - n. male
• 佬们 (Lǎomen) - guys

请问您贵姓？(Qǐngwèn Nín guì xìng): May I ask your family name?

• 哈哈哈 - hahaha
• 呀 ya, 啊 A - ah
• 哦哦 (Ó ó) - oh oh
• 哟 (Yō) - Yo, oh
• 马马虎虎 (Mǎmǎhǔhǔ) - so so - Ма Ма Ху Ху
• 嗯嗯 (Ń ń) - Uh-huh
• 爆！(Bào) - Explode! Bomb! wtf!;爆！ 毛是改革派 (Bào! Máo shì gǎigé pài): bao! Mao was a reformist.
• 那好吧 (Nà hǎo ba) - Oh well
• 哎呀 (Āiyā) - Oops, …
• 所以 (Suǒyǐ) - so … , forasmuch ; therefore; as a result of (place by/with/because)
• 嗷嗷确实，… (Áo'áo quèshí,) - Aaaaaaaah indeed, …
• 太对了 (Tài duìle) - exactly
• 真 (Zhēn) - really, trully, indeed; true, real
• 说得 (Shuō dé): should say (Speak must) …
• 不错 (Bùcuò) - no bad
• 土豪 (tǔháo) - rich rednecks
• 我嘞个去 (Wǒ lei gè qù) - what the hell (go)
• 我的天那 (Wǒ de tiān nà) - OMG!
• 胡说八道 (Húshuō bādào) - total nonsense (why say bad way)
• 开心果 (Kāixīn guǒ) happy person (pistachio nut)
• 一下 (Yīxià) … a bit, … for a moment
• 可能吧 (Kěnéng ba) - Maybe
• noob
  • 菜鸟 (Càiniǎo) newbie (dish bird)
  • 新手 (xīn shǒu) - beginner, newbie (new hand)
  • 笨蛋 (bèn dàn) - idiot, fool (stupid egg)
  • 门外汉 (mén wài hàn) - outsider, layman (gate outside chinese)
  • 弱鸡 (ruò jī) - weakling, wimp (weak chicken)
  • 无脑 (wú nǎo) - brainless, mindless (no brain)
  • 小白 (xiǎo bái) - little white, inexperienced
• 牛B or 牛逼 (niúbī) - fucking awesome (cow pussy) - Ню Би
• 多少次多少次 (Duōshǎo cì duōshǎo cì) - how many times… how many times…
  • 多少次多少次，你还是这样做 (nǐ háishì zhèyàng zuò)
  • "how many times, how many times, you still do it this way." (lit. you still such do)

祝你有美好的一天 ☕️

• Zhù nǐ yǒu měihǎo de yītiān ☕️
• Have a nice day ☕️

❤️祝您和您所爱的人平安幸福！

• ❤️Zhù nín hé nín suǒ ài de rén píng'ān xìngfú!
• ❤️Wishing you and your loved ones peace and happiness!

啊…好吧 A… Hǎo ba - ah… ok

• 我去 Wǒ qù - I'm going to … - Во Цюй
• 左拐 Zuǒ guǎi - turn left
• 右拐 Yòu guǎi - turn right
• 一直走 Yīzhí zǒu - go straight (always walk)

places

• 厕所 Cèsuǒ - toilet/washroom/WC (toilet place) - Цэ Со
  • 洗手间 Xǐshǒujiān (wash hand space) - Си Шоу Цзянь
• 酒店 Jiǔdiàn - hotel - Цзю Дянь
• 银行 Yínháng - bank
• 地铁站 Dìtiě zhàn - metro station. ground iron station
• 号 Hào - number… or No.
• 路 Lù - road
• 弄 Nòng - alley, lane; 弄好了 done

• 多少钱 Duōshǎo qián - How much is it? (much few money?) - До Шао Цянь
• 太贵了 Tài guìle - too expensive - Тай ГуйЛэ
• 我不要 Wǒ bùyào - I do not want…
• 买单 Mǎidān - to pay the bill (to_buy sheet) - Май Дань
• 发票 Fāpiào - bill/invoice/receipt (issue ticket) - Фа Пяо
• 我随便看看 Wǒ suíbiàn kàn kàn - I just look around. - Во СуйБянь Кань Кань

• 吃好喝好 chī hǎo hē hǎo - eat well and drink well
• 慢慢吃 màn màn chī - eat slow
• 请慢用 qǐng màn yòng - here is your meal/drink, enjoy it. lit. please have it slow
• 吃吃吃 chī chī chī - eat, eat, eat

我的名字用中文怎么读？

• Wǒ de míng zì yòng zhōng wén zěn me dú?
• How to say my name in Chinese?

我的名字叫什么？用中文怎么读？

• Wǒ de míng zì jiào shén me? Yòng zhōng wén zěn me dú?
• What is my name? How to read in Chinese?

• 谢谢 (xiè xiè): Сесе ; 谢谢大 (Xièxiè dà) Thank you so much
• 多谢 (duōxiè): Thanks a lot (multi-thanks)
• 感谢 (Gǎnxiè): thank you very much! (feel thanks)
  • 感谢 厉害! (Gǎnxiè lìhài): Thank you, you are amazing
    • 厉害 (lìhài): is used to describe the person who has a special and extraordinary skill, or is able to do things that others can't do, is also a widely used mantra praise in people's real life society.
• 欢迎 (Huānyíng): welcome, всегда пожалуйста.
• 哪里哪里 (nǎlǐ nǎlǐ): you’re too kind. lit. Where where. Нали нали
• bù, bù, bù - 不 - A rough pronunciation would be bhoo bhoo bhoo.
• 辛苦 (xīnkǔ) стараться из всех сил, тяжело трудиться
• 辛苦了 (xīnkǔ le): благодарю за работу; мы молодцы, отличная работа
• 辛苦你了 (xīnkǔ nǐ le): спасибо тебе, благодарю тебя зато, что ты сделал
• 喜闻乐见 (Xǐwénlèjiàn): Happy to hear and see, happy to hear

好的, 谢谢你, 我看看 (Hǎo de, xièxiè nǐ, wǒ kàn kàn): Okay, thank you, I'll take a look

• 请 Qǐng - please
• 请教 (Qǐngjiào): please teach, consult …
• 请问 (Qǐngwèn): please question, …

请教 的 时间 …(Qǐngjiào de shíjiān) please tell what time …

请问，牛奶在什么地方 (Qǐngwèn, niúnǎi zài shénme dìfāng)

• plese question, milk at where place? Excuse me, where is the milk?

我问个问题, … (Wǒ wèn gè wèntí): I ask one question,… Let me ask a question, ….

• 我爱你 Во ай ни Wǒ ài nǐ
• 我 - я Wǒ
• 爱 - люблю ài
• 你 - тебя nǐ

• 不好意思 Bù hǎoyìsi - Excuse me (no good meaning think) - minor offenses - Бу Хао И Сы
• 对不起 Duìbùqǐ — Sorry (right no raise) (unworthy) - formal and serious. - Дуй Бу Ци
• 抱歉 Bàoqiàn — adj. I sincerely apologize, Feel sorry (to hold regret) - Бао Цянь
• 是我的错 shì wǒ de cuò — It’s my fault - Ши Во Дэ Цо
• 我错了 Wǒ cuòle — I was wrong - Во Цо Лэ
• 是我不对 Shì wǒ bùduì — It’s my bad. (is my wrong)
• 打 da rao yi xia? TODO

answers:

• 没关系 Méiguānxì – It doesn't matter (without v.close line) - Мэй Гуань Си
• 别担心 (Bié dānxīn) — Don’t worry about it. (don't bear heart) - Бе Дань Синь
  • 担 dān - burden, load, carry, shoulder
  • 别 xīn - don't, other, another

• what? - shén mē？ - 什么？ - шень мэ
  • 何 Hé - what; adv. how, why; which; to carry
  • 多么? - Duōme - how/what (wonderful etc)
  • 孰? - shú - who; which; what
  • ex: 你想吃什么？(Nǐ xiǎng chī shén me?) - What do you want to eat?
• who? - shéi - 谁？- Шуй
  • 是谁？ Shì shéi? - Ши Шуй
  • 何人 Hérén - who
  • ex: 你认识谁？(Nǐ rènshí shéi?) - Who do you know? lit. you know who?
• where? - nǎ lǐ - 哪里？
  • 在哪里？ zài nǎ lǐ？ - около какой район?
  • 哪儿? Nǎ'er - where
  • ex: 你住在哪里？(Nǐ zhù zài nǎ lǐ?) - Where do you live? lit. you live in where?
• why? - wèi shén me？ - 为什么？ - для чего?
  • ex: 你为什么不去上班？(Nǐ wèishénme bù qù shàngbān?) - Why aren't you going to work?
  • ex: 你为什么要去？(Nǐ wèishénme yào qù?) - Why do you want to go?

• how?

  • 怎么 (Zěnme) - how, why, what
  • 怎么样 (zěn me yàng) - how/why/what is it
  • 怎样 (zěn yàng) - short of 怎么样
  • 如何 (rú hé) - as what? (formal/written) - Жу Хэ. when 如何 in the end of
  • 好没 (hǎo méi) - good not?

  sentence ,it means 'what about'

  • ex: 这道菜怎么样？(Zhè dào cài zěn me yàng?) - How is this dish?
  • ex: 怎么办？(Zěn me bàn?) - What to do?
  • ex: 怎么做？(Zěn me zuò?) - How to do?
  • ex: 你怎么说的？(Nǐ zěn me shuō de?) - How did you say it?
  • ex: 你怎么说了？(Nǐ zěn me shuō le?) - Why did you say it?
• Which? - nǎ - 哪?
  • 哪个 (nǎ ge)
  • 哪些 (nǎ xiē) - which ones
  • Ex: 你喜欢哪个颜色？(Nǐ xǐ huān nǎ ge yán sè?) - Which color do you like?
  • Ex:你喜欢哪些电影？(Nǐ xǐ huān nǎ xiē diàn yǐng?) - Which movies do you like?
• when? - Shénme shíhòu - 什么时候?-
  • ex. 你什么时候回来？(Nǐ shén me shí hou huí lái?) - When are you coming back?
• whose? - Shéi de? - 谁的?

many-much

• how many?(>10) - 多少 ？ (Duōshǎo) - (many few)
  • ex. 这个苹果多少钱？(Zhè gè píng guǒ duō shǎo qián?) - How much does this apple cost?
• how many?(<10) - 几 ？ (Jǐ) - (several)
  • ex. 你有几个兄弟姐妹？(Nǐ yǒu jǐ gè xiōng dì jiě mèi?) - How many siblings do you have?
• how much? - 多少钱? (duō shǎo qián)
• how long? - 多久 /多长时间 (duō jiǔ /duō cháng shí jiān)
• how old? (>10) 多大 (duō dà)
• how old? (<10) 几岁 (jǐ suì)

请问 Qǐngwèn / 请问您 Qǐngwèn nín / 请问你 Qǐngwèn nǐ - Excuse me, May I ask …

写好没 (Xiě hǎo méi) lit. write, OK? - Have you finished writing?" or "Is it written well?"

吗 (ma), 呢 (ne), 吧 (ba)

• go at the end of a sentence.
• can form questions.
• are pronounced in neutral tone.
• 吗 is used to turn statements into yes-no questions.
• 呢 is mostly used to turn statements into queries (amongst other things).
• 吧 is confirm statemen. right?

吗 (ma)

• 可以吗 Kěyǐ ma - …, May I?
• 你是李先生吗？
  • Nǐ shì Lǐ Xiānshēng ma?
  • Are you Mr Li?
• 你会中文吗？
  • Nǐ huì Zhōngwén ma?
  • Do you speak Chinese?
  • Do you know Chinese??
• 这里有洗手间吗？
  • Zhèli yǒu xǐshǒujiān ma?
  • Is there a toilet here?
• 这是你的吗？
  • Zhè shì nǐ de ma?
  • Is this yours?

呢 (ne)

• 你呢？
  • Nǐ ne?
  • And you?
• 我呢？
  • Wǒ ne?
  • What about me?
• 这些东西呢？
  • Zhèxiē dōngxi ne?
  • What about these things?
• 你为什么不去呢？
  • Nǐ wèishénme bù qù ne?
  • Why aren't you going?
• 他有什么不喜欢吃的呢？
  • Tā yǒu shénme bù xǐhuan chī de ne?
  • What is there that he doesn't like to eat?
• 好吗 Hǎo ma - …, ok?

https://www.howtosayinchinese.com/asking-questions-in-chinese-ma/

那意思 … 吗？

• Nà yìsi … ma?
• Does that mean … ?

这个是什么意思呢 (Zhège shì shénme yìsi ne): What does this mean?

不知道为啥 (Bù zhīdào wèi shà) - Don't know why. lit. Not know for what.

这样吗 (Zhèyàng ma) - Is this so?

能 … 吗? (Néng ma) Can I …?

怎么这么费时间

• (Zěnme zhème fèi shíjiān)
• How so spend/wasteful time.
• Why is it so time consuming?

哪里人 (Nǎlǐ rén): where are you from?

• 有 yǒu - to have
• 是 shì - to be, this, yes/right, indeed (是日 shìrì this day)
  • 日 sun
  • 止 foot, stop, exact
• 就是 Jiùshì - lit. right is; 这就是中国 (Zhè jiùshì zhōngguó): This is China.
• 成为 (chéng wéi) - to be, to become, to turn into; lit. become for/to/as
• 做 zuò - to do, to make
  • 故 (gù) an effect by doing something.
    • 古 gǔ old, classic, ancient
    • 攴(攵) suī rap, tap
• 使 shǐ - to make, to cause, to enable
• 看 kàn - (hand eye/look/see) "to see" or "to watch"， objects are typically inanimate (i.e. not people). Watch the news 看新闻 Kàn xīnwén.
  • 看一下 (Kàn yīxià) - to take a look. 看了一下 (Kànle yīxià): I took a look
• 见 jiàn "to see" or "to meet", objects are typically people
• 看见 kànjiàn - have seen/watched, can see
• 看书 Kànshū - to read (for ex. a book)
• 看来 (Kàn lái) - It seems
• 查 Chá - to check, to investigate
• 阅读 Yuèdú - a reading, read(rare). reading and understanding the content of a subject thoroughly.
  • 读 Dú - to read (Read the news 读新闻 Dú xīnwén, Read the newspaper 读报纸 Dú bàozhǐ)
  • 阅 Yuè - reading - Йюе (not used alone)
• 说 Shuō - to speak, to say
• 講/讲 jiǎng - to say, to speak, to tell, to speak (language), to explain
• 吃饭 chī fàn - to eat (口 kǒu mouth 乞 qǐ beg; request)
• 喝 hē - to drink
  • 口 kǒu mouth
  • 曷 hé why?what?where? 曰 yuē say, 匃 gài beggar; beg; give
• 做饭 zuò fàn - to cook
• 写 xiě - to write
• 发音 Fāyīn - pronounce, to pronounce. (音 sound; 发 hair, to send)
• 听 Tīng - to listen, to hear, to isten to, to understand, obey, comply
• 学 xué - to learn
• 学习 Xuéxí шуэ си - study, to learn
• 学会 Xuéhuì - to learn ; lit. learn society/ability.
  • 要学会适应 (Yào xuéhuì shìyìng) must learn to adapt
• 适应 Shìyìng - to adapt, to fit; adaptation; lit. fit to cope
• 知道 Zhīdào - to know, to be aware of, to see (Know path/road/way)
  • 知 Zhī - the knowledge (矢 shǐ - arrow 口 kǒu - mouth) - good speak
  • 道 - path, road, street; method, way, Taoist
• 认 rèn Жэнь - admit / to recognize; to know; to understand; to acknowledge; to accept; to agree; etc.
  • 认识 (rènshi): to know %someone%
  • 认为 (rènwéi): to think, to believe
  • 以为 (Yǐwéi): to think, to believe, to consider
• 识 shí - to know, to record; knowledge; awareness (只)
• 明白 Míngbái - to understand, clear, obvious, clearness
  • 明 Míng - bright, next,
• 理解 Lǐjiě - to understand, to comprehend; understanding, comprehension
• 喜欢 xǐhuān - to like (happiness joyous)
  • 喜 - happiness (a drum on its stand and a hand striking it.)
• 爱/愛 ài - to love (breathe, hand? and co-operation?)
  • 爱上 (Ài shàng) fall in love with
• 停止 (tíngzhǐ) - to stop, to cease
• 要 yào - to want, to need
• 想 Xiǎng - to want, to think, to wish, to suppose
• 去 qù - to go, to remove, to leave - Цюй
• 步 Bù - "to go", to walk, to foot; walking; step, stage. orig. 止 + 止 "two foots"
• 往 Wǎng - go in a direction; toward; fro; past, bound ;往里进 (Wǎng lǐ jìn): Go in, go inside
• 给 gěi - to give (丝(sī) silk as gift 合(hé)unity)
• 拿 ná - to take, hold, bring, with (合(hé)unity 手(shǒu)hand)
• 取 Qǔ - to take, to get, to fetch, to seek, to aim
• 收 Shōu - to receive; income ; 收到 (Shōu dào) - to receive
• 找 zhǎo - to look for, to seek
• 能 néng - to be able to, can
• 可以 (Kěyǐ) - to can, to may, to able to; possibe (can with)
• 有 yǒu - to have
• 得到 Dédào - to get (have_to arrive)
• 得 Dé - have to, to get, must; ought to; finished; particle showing degree or possibility
• 制造 Zhìzào - to make (system make) - Чжи Цзао
  • 告 gào tell, announce, inform
• 來/来 Lái - come
• 快了 kuàile - coming soon
• 思 Sī - to think, thought, to consider
• 用 yòng (юн) - use; 在用 (Zài yòng) currently using; 演示用 (Yǎnshì yòng) For demonstration.
• 搜 Sōu - search; to search. 搜索 (Sōusuǒ): to search, to find, look for; search
• 找到 Zhǎodào - to find (to_look_for arrive) 找不到了 (Zhǎo bù dàole): Can't find it
• 告诉 Gàosù - to tell
• 问 Wèn - to ask
• 感觉 (Gǎnjué) - to feel (feel sleep)
• 成为 (Chéngwéi) - to become (become for)
• 打开/开 (dǎ kāi / kāi) - to open
• 离开 (Líkāi) - to leave a place or a person. (Leave open)
• 走开 (Zǒu kāi) - to go away, go away! (Walk open)
• 玩 (wán) - to play
• 工作 (gōngzuò) - to work
• 打电话 (dǎ diànhuà) - to make a phone call
• 哭/哭哭 (Kū) - to cry
• 笑 (Xiào) - to laugh/smile, laugh/smile; 笑死我了(Xiào sǐ wǒle): Made me laugh to death
• 试 (Shì) - to try, to test; test, examination, experiment, fitting;
  • 我等下试试 (Wǒ děng xià shì shì) I'll try it later
• 估计 (Gūjì): to guess, to estimate. 估计是 (Gūjì shì) - guess so
• 猜 (Cāi): to guess, to suspect
• 换 (Huàn): to change, to exchange, to swap; change, exchange
• 解决 (Jiějué): to solve, to resolve, to settle, to decide
  • 解 (Jiě): to intie, to solve; solution
• 加入 (Jiārù): join in, become a member. 加入他们 join them!
• 站在 (zhàn zài): to stand, находиться.
• 杀 (Shā): to kill, to murder; murderous; in the extreme
• 死 (Sǐ): to die 要死了 (Yàosǐle): dying, going to die. lit. want to die; 想死 (Xiǎng sǐ): wanna die
• 开 (Kāi): to open
• 开始 (Kāishǐ): to start, to begin; initial; the begining
• 影响 (Yǐngxiǎng): to influence, to affect; influence, affect
• 送 (Sòng): to deliver, to send
• 显示 (Xiǎnshì): to show, to display, to demostrate. lit. obvious reveal
• 表明 (Biǎomíng): to show, to indicate, to reveal; evidence

• 可以 (kě yǐ) - can, may
• 必须 (bì xū) - must, have to
• 应该 (yīng gāi) - should, ought to
• 该 (Gāi) - should, ought to ; that;
• 能 (néng) - can, be able to
• 会 (huì) - will, be able to
• 要 (yào) - want to, will
• 想 (xiǎng) - want to, would like to

应该是的 (Yīnggāi shì de): it should be

是 (shì)

to be

• Used for linking subjects with their descriptions or identifying one thing or

person as another.

有 (yǒu)

to have

• Indicates possession, existence, or presence.

被 (bèi)

passive voice marker

• Used to form passive sentences, where the focus is on the action rather than the

subject.

在 (zài)

to be at, to be in the process of

• Denotes location or ongoing action (similar to the English present continuous

tense).

正在 (zhèng zài)

in the middle of, currently

• Emphasizes that an action is happening at the moment of speaking.

会 (huì)

will, be able to

• Expresses future tense or the capability of doing something.

能 (néng)

can, be able to

• Indicates ability or permission in the present or future.

要 (yào)

will, want to

• Used to express intention, desire, or a future action.

得 (děi)

must, need to

• Indicates necessity or obligation.

正 (zhèng)

just, precisely

• Used to stress the exactness or correctness of an action.

曾 (céng)

once, previously

• Indicates a past action or state, often used in the context of something that happened before.

已 (yǐ)

already

• Marks the completion of an action, similar to the English "already."

他刚去。

• Tā gāng qù.
• He's just gone. (刚 gāng hard; just; solid; very recently;)

我不要去那那儿。

• Wǒ bùyào qù nà'r.
• I don't want to go there.

你想喝这个吗？

• Wǒ
• Do you wan to drink this?

请拿上这本书。

• qǐng ná shàng zhè běn shū.
• Please take a book. (Please take up this one book)

请给我…(qǐng gěi wǒ…)

• Please give me…

开门 (kāi mén)

• Open the door

我是一个老师。

• wǒ shì yī gè lǎo shī.
• I am a teacher.

每天我都做晚饭。

• měi tiān wǒ dōu zuò wǎn fàn.
• I cook dinner every day

我读了很多遍，还是看不懂。

• Wǒ dú le hěn duō biàn, hái shì kàn bù dǒng.
• I have read so many times and still do not understand.

你读了几篇文章？

• Nǐ dú le jǐ piān wén zhāng?
• How many articles did you read?

你读了今天的新闻吗？

• Nǐ dú le jīn tiān de xīn wén ma?
• Have you read the news today?

你的发音不正确。

• Nǐ de fǎ yīn bù zhèng què.
• Your pronunciation is not correct.

我这样发音对吗？

• Wǒ zhè yàng fā yīn duì ma?
• Did I pronounce it correctly this way?

看看能做到哪种程度

• Kàn kàn néng zuò dào nǎ zhǒng chéngdù)
• Let's see how far we can go
• 看看 see 能 able 做到 do up 哪 where 种 kind 程度 degree

还没用过chatgpt识图

• Hái méi yòngguò chatgpt shí tú
• I haven’t used chatgpt to recognize pictures.
• 还 Yet 没 not 用 use 过 particle - already … 识 recognize 图 pictures.

开始有学习的氛围了

• Kāishǐ yǒu xuéxí de fēnwéile
• I’m starting to feel like learning.
• 开始 begining have learn 的 of 氛围 atmosphere

你可以做第一个吃螃蟹的人

• Nǐ kěyǐ zuò dì yī gè chī pángxiè de rén
• You can be the first crab eater

我可以去吗？ (Wǒ kě yǐ qù ma?) - Can I go?

你应该好好休息。 (Nǐ yīng gāi hǎo hǎo xiū xí.) - You should rest well.

他能说汉语。 (Tā néng shuō hàn yǔ.) - He can speak Chinese.

我们会见面的。 (Wǒ men huì jiàn miàn de.) - We will meet.

学而不思则罔 思而不学则殆 where 学=积累工程经验 思=钻研程

• (Xué ér bù sī zé wǎng sī ér bù xué zé dài where xué =jīlěi gōngchéng jīngyàn sī =zuānyán chéng)
• If you learn without thinking, you will lose. If you think without learning, you will be in danger. Learning = Accumulating engineering experience. Thinking = Studying the process.

• 零/〇 líng 0 линг
• 一 yī 1 one - и
• 二 èr 2 two - ар
• 三 sān 3 three
• 四 sì 4 four - сы
• 五 wǔ 5 five - у
• 六 liù 6 six - лиоу
• 七 qī 7 seven - Ци or тьи
• 八 bā 8 eigth
• 九 jiǔ 9 nine - Цзю
• 十 shí 10 ten
• 百 bǎi 100 a hundred
• 千 qiān 1000 thousand - Цянь
• 二十 20
• 三十 30
• 十一 11
• 二十一 21
• 三十三 33

打 (Dǎ) - dozen

• 万 wàn - ten thousand, myriad, absolutely

• 五万 两千 一百 五十二 wǔwàn liǎngqiān yībǎi wǔshí-èr - 52,152
• 一百 yībǎi 100
• 一百万 yībǎi wàn 1 million
• 十四亿 shísì yì 1.4 billion
• 一万一千 yīwàn yīqiān 1,1000
• 一万两千 yīwàn liǎngqiān 1,2000 - one wan and two "thousand"
• 一万三千两百 yīwàn sānqiān liǎngbǎi 1,3200
• 五万六千七百 wǔwàn liùqiān qībǎi 5,6700

• раз yī cì 一次
• дважды liǎng cì 两次
• трижды sān cì 三次

First:

• 第一 Dì yī - first
• 第二 Dì èr - second

单 Dān - one, single

两个都 Liǎng gè dōu - both

• 奇数 ji shù - Odd number
• 偶数 ǒu shù - even number
• 正数 zhèng shù - positive numbers - Чжэн
• 负数 fùshù - negative numbers
• 负面 Fùmiàn - nagative
• 正面 zhèngmiàn - positive
• 中立 Zhōnglì - neutral

• + 加 jiā - add, plus, addition
• – 减 jiǎn - subtract, minus, subtraction
• * 乘 chéng - multiply, multiplication
• / 除 chú - divide, division
• = 等于 děngyú equal to
  • 平等 Píngděng - equal
  • 等号 Děng hào - equal sign

7-4=3 七减四等于三 Qī jiǎn sì děngyú sān

https://chinese4kids.net/simple-math-vocabulary-in-chinese/

• счётное слово (можно в сочетании с 一 yī "единица"): 他是个老师。Он учитель. 这是一只猫。Это кошка.
• суффикс для лиц 们 - 老师们 teachers ，先生们 gentelmen。
• конкретно число + счётное слово: 三个人，四把椅子。
• показатель множественного числа "несколько" 几 (обычно не больше десяти) плюс счётное слово： 几个人，几只狗。
• показатели множественного числа типа "некоторые", "немало", "много": 些人，不少东西，很多书。
• удваивание существительного: 人人，事事。
• добавить местоимение xiē (些);

Numbers:

• 两 liǎng - instead of 二 (èr).

Measure Words(classifiers):

• 个 gè - of - I’ll have two of everything.
  • 我有两个兄弟。(wǒ yǒu liǎng gè xiōng dì.) — I have two brothers.
• 杯 bēi — cup [of coffee and tea] - “two cups of coffee” > “two of coffee.”
  • 两杯咖啡 (liǎng bēi kā fēi) — two cups of coffee
• 本 bĕn — unit for books and magazines
• 头 tóu - a head of something, typically referring to cattle or livestock, as well as some types of vegetables: Head of lettuce, Heads of Cattle
• 份 fèn — share, portion, order [of food], unit for newspapers
• 间 jiān — unit for any kind of room
• 辆 liàng — unit for vehicles
• 瓶 píng — bottle
• 条 tiáo — unit for long, winding objects, like roads, rivers, snakes, fish
• 张 zhāng — sheet [of paper or bedsheets], unit for rectangular objects like beds, tables
• 只 zhī — unit for animals and one of a pair of hands, feet, ears, eyes
• 支 zhī — unit for long, thin objects like pencils, pens, cigarettes
• 口 Kǒu - family members, populations and guns.
• 件 Jiàn - pieces
• 把 Bǎ - objects that can be held using handles: guns, fire, chairs; abstract ideas; times of recreations: to play mahjong/games; wheeled vehicles: bicycle.

multiple of multiple:

• 双 shuāng — pair, for items that always come in pairs
• 对 duì — couple, for nouns that don’t necessarily come in pairs
• 打 dǎ — dozen
• 包 bāo — pack or packet
• 群 qún — group of people or animals like crowds, flocks, herds, swarms

遍 Biàn - times :

• 读一遍 Dú yībiàn - Read once
• 读两遍 Dú liǎng biàn - Read twice
• 读几遍 Dú jǐ biàn - Read a few times
• 读很多遍 Dú hěnduō biàn - Read many times

• 几 (jǐ) — some, several
  • 几道菜 (jǐ dào cài) — some dishes
• 一些 (yī xiē) —a few, some (, no one would ever say, “two fews.”)
  • 一些错误 (yī xiē cuò wù) — a few mistakes
• 数 (shù) — several
  • 数星期 (shù xīng qí) — several weeks
• 不少 (bù shǎo) — quite a few
• 很多 (hěn duō) — a lot, very many

一家三口人 (Yījiā sānkǒu rén) - family of three, семья из трёх человек

https://www.fluentu.com/blog/chinese/plural-in-chinese/

• 编程语言 (biānchéng yǔyán) - Programming language
  • 编 (Biān) - to compile, to edit, to arrange; book, copy (纟扁)
• 程序 (Chéngxù) - program, procedure; procedural, programmed; lit. 程 - Чэн Сюй
• 代码 (Dàimǎ) - code (generation/replace numbers)
• 算法 (Suànfǎ) - algorithm - Суань Фа
• database - 数据库 Shùjùkù lit. data library/storehouse
  • 数据 Shùjù - data lit. numbers according to - Шу Цзюй
• software —— 软件 —— ruăn jiàn - soft ware - Жуань Цзянь
• hardware - 硬件 - Yìng jiàn - hard ware - Ин Цзянь
• system —— 系统 —— xì tŏng
• network —— 网络 —— wăng luò - network small_net(silk each)
• firewall —— 防火墙 —— fáng huŏ qiáng - fireproof(defend fire) wall
• cloud computing —— 云计算 —— yún jì suàn
• digital —— 数码的 —— shù mă de
• technology - 科技 - Kējì
• computer program
  • 计算机程序 - Jìsuànjī chéngxù - computer program(Procedure(rice_plant submit/appear(entrance royal)) sequence(extensive to_give))
  • 电脑程序 - diànnǎo chéngxù - electricity brain(moon cruel) program
  • 电脑编程 —— diàn năo biān chéng - electricity brain programming
• memory —— 内存 —— nèi cún - inner keep
• 位 Wèi - position, bits
• meg (short for megabyte) —— 兆 (short for 兆字节) —— zhào (short zhào for zì jié)
• gig (short for gigabyte) —— 千 (short for 千兆字节) —— qiān (short for qiān zhào zì jié)
• 装了 Zhuāngle - Installed, loaded up
• 工具 Gōngjù - tool
• 修 (Xiū): to fix, to repair, to build, to trim; ex. 怎么修 (Zěnme xiū): how to fix
• 邮件 (Yóujiàn): mail, email
  • 由 Yóu - by, from, 阜 холм
  • 件 jiàn - pieces, items
• 送信中・・・ (Sòngxìn Zhōng) - Sending letter in.
• 错误 (Cuòwù): error, mistake; to error, to mistake (wrong error)
• 教程 (Jiàochéng): Tutorial
• 文档 (wéndàng): documentation
• 手册 (Shǒucè): manual, handbook
• 已弃用 (Yǐ qì yòng): Deprecated; deprecation; lit. already abondoned use.
• 安全 (Ānquán): security; secure

• computer —— 电脑 (diàn năo) - electricity brain(moon cruel)
• computer - 计算机 (Jìsuànjī) - calculate(plan/count in_the_end) machine(tree table) - Цзи Суань Цзи
• laptop —— 笔记本 (bǐ jì běn) - notes(pen remember) book
• device —— 设备 (shè bèi) - establish/assume equipment
  • 器 - Qì - device
  • 具 - Jù - thing
• 处理器 (Chǔlǐ qì) - processor (process device)
• hard disk —— 硬盘 (Yìngpán) - hard/firm plate/disk
• disc —— 碟 —— dié - stone/mineral, flat pieces of wood
• mouse —— 鼠标 —— shŭ biāo - mouse sign
• keyboard - 键盘 (Jiànpán) - key plate
  • key (on a keyboard) —— 键 (jiàn) - bolt/key go pencil
• trackball - 轨迹球 (Guǐjī qiú)
• joystick - 摇杆 (Yáo gān) - shaking pole
• little red dot - 小红点 (Xiǎo hóng diǎn)
• smartphone - 智能手机 (Zhìnéng Shǒujī) - wisdom(arrow mouth daytime) can hand machine - Чжи Нэн Шоу Цзи
• cellphone - 手机 (Shǒujī) - hand machine, or short for smartphone
• motherboard - 主板 (Zhǔbǎn). 焊主板上 (Hàn zhǔbǎn shàng) - soldering on the motherboar.
• monitor - 显示器 (Xiǎnshìqì)
• graphics card - 显卡 (Xiǎnkǎ) - or video card
• to accelerate - 加速 (Jiāsù)

• the internet —— 互联网 —— hù lián wăng - mutual united network
• web site - 网站 - Wǎngzhàn - Чжань
  • 站 zhàn​ - station
    • 立 lì, wèi - stand; let stand; establish, set
    • 占 zhān, zhàn - divine; observe; versify
• web page - 网页 - wǎng yè - вань е
• web browser
  • 网页浏览器 - Wǎngyè liúlǎn qì - web_page browse device
    • 浏览 - browse
  • 瀏覽器/浏览器 (Liúlǎn qì) - browser
• 谷歌 Gǔgē - Google (valley Song)
• search results - 搜索结果 (Sōusuǒ jiéguǒ)

• text message —— 短信 —— duǎnxìn
  • to send a text message —— 发短信 — fā duǎnxìn - lit. send short letter
• signal —— 信号 —— xìn hào - lit. letter/sign/trust number
• power —— 电源 —— diàn yuán - lit. electricity source/supply
• wireless —— 无线 —— wú xiàn - lit. no wire
• data —— 数据 —— shù jù - number/count fortified
• wifi —— 无线局域网 —— wú xiàn jú yù wăng - no wire office area network
• bluetooth —— 蓝牙 —— lán yá

• hacker —— 黑客 —— hēi kè - dark guest(roof every(go entrance))
• user —— 用户 —— yòng hù - to_use family/house
• administrator —— 管理员 —— guăn lĭ yuán - to_care manage member
• moderator – 版主 – bǎn zhǔ - version master/owner
• programmer —— 程序设计师 —— chéng xù shè jì shī - program (procedure sequence/order) designer (set_up plan master)
• programmer 程序员 (Chéngxù yuán) - program person
• computer programming - 计算机编程 - Jìsuànjī biānchéng - computer programming(write procedure)
• developer —— 开发人员 —— kāi fā rén yuán - develop/exploitation(open send) personel (person member)
• noob, script kiddie - 小白 - Xiǎo bái - little white/blank
• 菜鸟 (Càiniǎo) newbie (dish bird)
• 新手 (Xīnshǒu) newbie (new hand)

• install - 安装 - sefe dress - Ānz huāng - Ань Чжуан
• open - 打开 - Dǎkāi - beat(hand strong) open/start
• uninstall - 卸载 - Xièzài - unload(jar seal) to_carry(to cut, cart)
• menu - 菜单 Càidān - vegatables bill/list
• cut - 剪切 - Jiǎn qiè - scissors(forward knife) to_cut(seven knife) - Цзянь Це
• copy - 复制 - Fùzhì - duplicate(slowly+6) system/make
• paste - 粘贴 - Zhāntiē - stick (rice observe) paste (sea_shell/money observe)
• properties - 属性 - Shǔxìng - dependent(corpse dynasty_founder) quality (heart life)
• ok - OK / 好的 - Hǎo de
• cancel - 取消 - Qǔxiāo - take eliminate
• back - 返回 - Fǎnhuí - return
• refresh - 刷新
• save - 保存 - Bǎocún - insurance keep
• online —— 上线 —— shàng xiàn (switched_on line)
• online —— 在线 —— Zàixiàn (by online)
• offline —— 离线 —— lí xiàn (off line)
• comment —— 评论 —— píng lùn
• reply —— 回复 —— huí fù
• accept —— 接收 —— jiē shōu
• decline —— 拒绝 —— jù jué
• register —— 注册 —— zhù cè
• login /signin —— 登录 —— dēng lù
• download —— 下载 —— xià zăi
• upload —— 上传 —— shàng chuán
• click —— 点击 —— diăn jī
• done - 完事 wánshì
• close - 关 - Guān
• success - 成功 - Chénggōng
• failure - 失败 - Shībài

• file - 文件 - Wénjiàn - file, lit. writing item
  • (create) new tab - 新建标签页 - Xīnjiàn biāoqiān yè - new establish sign/to_mark sign/note page - Синь Цзянь Бяо Цянь E
    • new tab - 新标签页
  • new container tab - 新建??标签页
  • new private window - 新 建 隐私 窗口 - Xīnjiàn yǐnsī chuāngkǒu - new establish privacy window - Синь Цзянь Инь Сы Чуан Коу
  • open file - 打开文件 - Dǎkāi Wénjiàn
  • save page as - 另存 页面 为 - ìngcún yèmiàn wèi - save(other keep) page(page/leaf surface) as
  • email link - ?邮件??链接
  • print - 打印 - Dǎyìn - beat print/seal
  • import from Another Browser -
  • work offline - 脱机工作 - Tuō jī gōngzuò - take_off machine work make
  • quit - 退出 - Tuìchū - step_back to_go_out - Туй Чу
• edit - 编辑 - Biānjí - write(silk flat) gather_up(cart to_whisper)
  • Undo
  • Redo
  • Cut
  • Copy
  • Paste
  • Delete
  • Select All
  • Find in Page
  • Settings
• view - 查看 - Chákàn - investigate(tree evening/morning/day) to see(hand eye)
• history - 历史 - Lìshǐ - calendar/exp. history
• bookmarks - 书签 - Shūqiān - book note - Шу Цянь
• tools -工具 - Gōngjù - work equipment
• help - 帮助 - Bāngzhù
  • about - 关于 Firefox - Guānyú - Гуань Шу

settings

• 重启 Firefox 以应用这些更改 (Yǐ yìngyòng zhèxiē gēnggǎi): Restart Firefox to apply these changes
  • Rest Firefox for apply theses change.

• 登录 Dēnglù - login
• 注册 Zhùcè - signup
• 完成注册 - завершить регистрацию
  • 注册 - регистрация
• 立即登录 - login now
• 注册成功 or 已经注册成功！ - регистрация прошла успешно
• 填写帐号密码 - Введите пароль учетной записи
• 验证手机号码 - Проверка номера мобильного телефона
• 完成注册 - Завершение регистрации
• 安全 - Ānquán, security, safety
• 状态 Zhuàngtài - status

• 百度一下 Bǎidù yīxià - Baidu one time
• 网页 Wǎngyè - Web page
• 资讯 Zīxùn - Information
• 视频 Shìpín - video (see(cult observe) frequency(step page))
• 图片 Túpiàn - picture (diagram(enclose winter) sheet_piece)
• 知道 Zhīdào - Know ("questions and answers" at baidu.com)
• 文库 Wénkù - Library
• 贴吧 Tiēba - Post it
• 采购 Cǎigòu - Purchase
• 地图 Dìtú - map

• 用户 (Yònghù) - users - (to_use family/house)
• 设定 (Shè dìng) - set up, settings
• 音乐 (Yīnyuè) - music, musical
• 游戏 (Yóuxì) - to play, game
• 照片 (Zhàopiàn) - photo
• 网络 (Wǎngluò) - network
• 朋友 (Péngyǒu) - friend, comrade, boyfriend
• yes - 是 (Shì)
• no - 否 (fǒu, pǐ)
• O return - 返回 (Fǎnhuí)
• X - 确定 (què​dìng) - definite / certain / fixed / to fix (on sth) / to determine / to be sure / to ensure / to make certain / to ascertain / to clinch / to recognize / to confirm / OK (on computer dialog box)

人工能智 (Réngōng néng zhì): Artificial intelligence

• 人 Rén - people, man, human being
• 工 Gōng - work
• 智 Zhì - wisdom, knowledge (чи)
• 能 Néng - can, able (нан)

机器学习 (Jīqì xuéxí): Machine learning

• 机器 - machine
  • 机 Jī - machine Цзи
  • 器 Qì - implement (тьси)
• 学习 learning
  • 学 Xué - learn, study (сюе)
  • 习 Xí - study, practice (cи)

大数据 - Big Data

• 大 Dà - big
• 数据 Shùjù - data - Шу Цзюй
  • 数 Shù - number, count (шу)
  • 据 Jù - according to (чи)

data science - 数据科学 - Shùjù kēxué

预测 Yùcè - Prediction

仿真 fǎngzhēn - Simulation

本地AI大模型 - (Běndì AI Dà mú xíng) - local AI large model

• 当前版本号：20-04-22-12-00 - текущий номер версии
• 版本大小： 78.9GB - размер версии
• 更新日期：2020/04/23 - (Gēngxīn rìqí) дата обновления, update date
  • 更新 (Gēngxīn): to renew, to raplece
  • 日期 (Rìqí): date, day.

• 昵称 (Nìchēng): Nickname
  • 昵 (Nì): familiar, close; to approach
  • 称 (Chēng): (verb)say, call, state, name
• 群 (Qún) and 群组 (Qún zǔ): group
• 频道 (Píndào): channel (频 frequency, repeatedly)
• 私密群 (Sīmì qún): private group
• 入群验证 (Rù qún yànzhèng): group entry verification
  • 入 (rù): enter
• 头像 (Tóuxiàng): avatar, profile picture
• 开启 (Kāiqǐ): turn on
• 無名 (Wúmíng): no name
• 受众 (Shòuzhòng): Audience
• 提示 (Tíshì): hint, tips
• 回帖 (Huítiē): reply ; 没人回帖 (Méi rén huítiē) No one replied
• 订阅 (Dìngyuè): subscription; to subscribe. 我订阅了！(Wǒ dìngyuèle!) I have subscribed!
• 社区 (Shèqū): Community
• 分享过去 (Fēnxiǎng guòqù): share the past
• 引用 (Yǐnyòng): Quote
• 验证失败 (Yànzhèng shībài): verification/authentication failed
  • 验证 (Yànzhèng): to verify, verification (to check proof)
  • 失败 (Shībài): fail, failure; to fail, to be defeated (lose to defeat)
• 邀请链接 (Yāoqǐng liànjiē): Invitation link
• 删 (Shān): delete
• 盗号 (Dàohào): Stealing an account, hacking
• 解封 (Jiě fēng): to unban; lit. to untie seal
  • 你好. 请解封我在 @emacs_zh

• 中文文档 - Zhōngwén wéndàng - Chinese documentation
• 档 (Dàng) - files, archives, pigeonhole, закуток, отделение для бумаг
• 调试 (diàoshì): Debug
• 复现 (fù xiàn): recurrent, reproduce. 无法复现 (Wúfǎ fù xiàn) - Unable to reproduce, not reproducable
• 函数 (hánshù): Function
• 循环 (xúnhuán): Loop
• 类 (lèi): class
• 对象 (duìxiàng): Object
• 数组 (shùzǔ): array (number group/set/series) - Шу Цзу
• 接口 (jiēkǒu): interface
• 动态链接的 (Dòngtài liànjiē de): dynamically linked
• 关键字 (Guānjiàn zì) - Keywords
• 变量 (Biànliàng) - variable
• 常量 (Chángliàng) - constant (often quantity)
• 重新编译 (Chóngxīn biānyì) - recompile (again(repeat new) compile)
  • 编译 (Biānyì) compile (make up translate)

list:

• 列表 (Lièbiǎo) - list (list surface)
• 列举 (Lièjǔ) - ​list, enumerate (list hold)
• 目录 (Mùlù) - directory, catalog, list, contents, table of contents

set: 集合 (Jíhé) - gather, set, assembly (set combine)

• 集: 隹 (zhuī) - bird, 木 mù tree
• 合: to close, to join, to combne, to suit, to have sex intercouse, to fight; whole, entire; together, 口 kǒu mouth
  • 亼 (jí) - to assemble, roof; orig. to gather together from three sides

stack: 堆栈 (Duīzhàn) - heap stack

dictionary: 字典 (Zìdiǎn) - Character Script

controlflow

• 流程控制工具 (liúchéng kòngzhì gōngjù) - process control tools

function definition 定义函数 (Dìngyì hánshù) - definition function

• 定义 (Dìngyì) - set righteous
• 函数 (hánshù) - letter/a_case number

命令 (Mìnglìng) - command

客户服务器架构 - Kèhù fúwùqì jiàgòu - client-server architecture

• Kèhù - 客户 - client - кы ху (гость дверь)
• Fúwùqì - 服务器 - server - фу ву ти
  • Fú - 服 - to serve, clothes, подчиняться
  • Wù - 务 - service, business, affair, to be sure
    • 夂 - zhǐ - go шагать вперед, продвигаться, следовать, бродить - чжи
    • 力 - lì - power сила, движение - ли
  • qì - 器 - device
• Jiàgòu - 架构 - architecture (shelf/frame structure/construct)

测过 (Cèguò) - Tested

• 测 (Cè) - to test, to measure, to survey

• 主线 (Zhǔxiàn) - Main line
• 维护 (Wéihù) - to maintain, to protect; aegis (to maintain to proctect)
• 交 (jiāo) - to submit
• 拉取请求 (Lā qǔ qǐngqiú) - pull request (pull pick please to_beg)
• 合并 (Hébìng) - to merge; merger

• 磁力链接 (Cílì Liànjiē): magnet link
  • 链 (Liàn) - chain, link, wire, cable
    • 钅金 (jīn) - gold, money
    • 连 (lián) - join, connect; continuous; even (辶辵 chuò walk, 车 chē телега)
• 参考 (Cānkǎo): refer to … , reference; to reference, to refer
• 连接 Liánjiē - to connect, connection, link, to link, to join
• 接 jiē - to catch, to connect, to receive
• 断开 Duàn kāi - to disconnect, disconnection (to break, absolutely, cut off ; open)
  • 𠃊/乚米斤
• 节点 (Jiédiǎn) - node
• 直通进去 (Zhítōng jìnqù) - Direct access
• 宿主机 (Sù zhǔjī) - Host
• 分享 (Fēnxiǎng) - to share, to partake
• 端口 (Duānkǒu) - port, interface
• 阻断 (Zǔ duàn) - n. block, blocking

• 裂 (Liè): crack, to crack, to split. (衣 (“clothes”) semantic ; 列 (Liè) phonetic)
• 裂开了 (Liè kāile): cracked

• 扩展 (Kuòzhǎn): scalability

运行 (Yùnxíng) - to run ; operational

我是用来手动格式化代码

• (Wǒ shì yòng lái shǒudòng géshì huà dàimǎ)
• I use it to manually format the code

但是实现起来比较困难

• (Dànshì shíxiàn qǐlái bǐjiào kùnnán)
• But it is more difficult to implement

太复杂了 (Tài fùzále) - Too complicated

一个人也没有测过 (Yīgè rén yě méiyǒu cèguò): No one has tested it

但还是不开源 (Dàn háishì bù kāiyuán): But still not open source

• SVO (subject–verb–object) language - The standard Chinese sentence structure.
• VO了 - passive. ex: 破案了 - solved subject.
• topic-prominent language:begin with the topic, usually "given" or "old" information; and end with the comment, or "new" information
• object to be moved to a position in front of the verb for emphasis

(время)Подлежащее(время) +(наречия) Сказуемое + (определение) Дополнение (

stranges:

• 院子 里 停着 车。 [院子裡停著車。/ 院子裏停着車。]
  • yuànzi lǐ tíngzhe chē.
  • Courtyard in park vehicle.
  • Eng: In the courtyard is parked a vehicle.

subject can be omitted:

• 今天 爬山，明天 露营。 [今天爬山，明天露營。]
  • Jīntiān páshān míngtiān lùyíng.
  • Today alpinism, tomorrow camp.
  • Eng: Mountain climbing today and camping tomorrow.
• 饭/飯做好了。
  • Fàn zuò hǎole
  • Eng: rice is ready. (food make complete)

还有 (Hái yǒu): there is also, besides, also

原来还有别人也觉得绕 (Yuánlái hái yǒu biérén yě juédé rào)

• It turns out that there are others who also find it confusing.

• 我的书 (Wǒ de shū): my book
• 那本书是我的 (Nà běn shū shì wǒ de): this book is mine

• 我觉得的很开心 (Wǒ juédé de hěn kāixīn): I feel very happy.
• 我不开心 (Wǒ bù kāixīn): I am not happy.
• something 不 something : 忙不忙 (Máng bù máng): busy or not.

sentences are usually about past events.

• 是 [thing to be emphasized] 的
• [subject] 是 [thing to be emphasized] [verb] 的

[subject] 把 [object] [verb] (SOV: subject · verb · object)

• 我吃面条。(Wǒ chī miàntiáo.): I eat noodles.
• 我把面条吃了。(Wǒ bǎ miàntiáo chīle.) I ate the noodles.
• 我把我的包放在桌子上了。(Wǒ bǎ wǒ de bāo fàng zài zhuōzi shàng le.)
  • I 把 my the_bag 放 put at on the 桌子 table over.
• 她把废纸扔进了垃圾桶。(Tā bǎ fèi zhǐ rēng jìn le lājī tǒng.)
  • She 把 the waste paper 扔进了 throwed in 垃圾桶 garbage can.

Asking:

• 你把我的啤酒都喝完了吗？ (Nǐ bǎ wǒ de píjiǔ dōu hē wánle ma?)
• I 把 my bear 都 all drink. Did you finish all my beer?

1. (used at the end of a sentence) indicating entreaty， suggestion， command， etc

   • 我们走吧！(wǒ men zǒu ba) - Let’s go! / Let’s leave!
   • 我们明天一起吃晚饭吧！(wǒ men míng tiān yì qǐ chī wǎn fàn ba) - Let’s have

   dinner together tomorrow!

   • 你跟他说一下吧。(nǐ gēn tā shuō yí xia ba) - Let him know. (polite)
     • 一下 (yí xia) - makes it sound polite
2. Used to indicate agreement or approval. a bit similar to the tone of “fine” in English, though not quite as harsh.
   • 好吧。明天也行。(hǎo ba míng tiān yě xíng) - OK. Tomorrow works too. / Fine. Tomorrow works too.
   • 行吧。我们只能这样了。(xíng ba wǒ men zhǐ néng zhè yàng le) - Alright. That’s all we can do. / Fine. That’s all we can do.
3. Used to indicate uncertainty or guess about something
   • 你会说普通话吧？(nǐ huì shuō pǔ tōng huà ba) - You speak Mandarin, right?
   • 他明年就要毕业了，对吧？(tā míng nián jiù yào bì yè le duì ba) - He is graduating next year, right?
   • 应该没什么问题吧。(yīng gāi méi shén me wèn tí ba) - There shouldn’t be any issues.

4. Used to indicate a pause when weighing options/making comparisons. In this case, the “ba” is usually repeated twice.

   • 夏天去北京吧，天气会很热，冬天去北京吧，天气会很冷。(xià tiān qù běi jīng ba,

   tiān qì huì hěn rè, dōng tiān qù běi jīng ba, tiān qì huì hěn lěng) - If we go to Beijing in the summer, the weather will be hot. If we go to Beijing in the winter, the weather will be cold.

   • 跟老板说吧，他会很不开心，不跟老板说吧，公司可能会出大事。(gēn lǎo bǎn shuō ba,

   tā huì hěn bù kāi xīn, bù gēn lǎo bǎn shuō ba, gōng sī kě néng huì chū dà shì) - If you tell the boss, he won’t be happy. If you don’t tell the boss, the company might run into some big issues.

5. 用在句中，表示停顿，带假设语气，并带有列举性质 [indicating a pause]。如:说吧，不好；不说吧，也不好

挺简单的吧 (tǐng jiǎn dān de ba)? - Pretty simple, right?

• 你知道我手机放在某个地方吗？(Nǐ zhīdào wǒ shǒujī fàng zài mǒu gè dìfāng ma?)
  • Do you know where I put my phone?
• 我想去某个地方度假。(Wǒ xiǎng qù mǒu gè dìfāng dùjià.) - I want to go somewhere for vacation.
• 他去了某处度假。(Tā qùle mǒu chù dùjià.) - He went on vacation somewhere.
• 我昨天在某处见过他。(Wǒ zuótiān zài mǒu chù jiànguò tā.) - I saw him somewhere yesterday.

• принадлежность: 我的词典 – wǒ de cídiǎn - мой словарь
• всегда ставится после прилагательного с наречием степени: 很好的朋友 hěn hǎo de péngyǒu очень хороший друг
• после определения, выраженного двухсложным прилагательным:
  • 这个年轻的姑娘很漂亮
  • zhè ge niánqīng de gūniáng hěn piàoliang
  • Эта молодая девушка очень красивая (слово 年轻 – молодой, двусложное)

• https://mylanguages.org/ru/chinese_prepositions.php
• https://mylanguages.org/chinese_prepositions.php
• 的 https://studychinese.ru/grammar/14/

• 但是 (dàn shì) - but - more formal and stronger.
  • 但 (Dàn) - but; still
• 不过 (Bùguò) - but, however, only - softer
• 可是 (Kěshì) - but is usually associated with something unfortunate
• 并 (Bìng) - but, and, combine, also

И

• 和 Hé
• 与 Yǔ(и) ex.: 问题与方法 Проблемы и методы
• 而 - Ér
• 并 Bìng

или

• 或 - Huò - or, either
• 或者 - ?
• 于 - Yú(и) on, to Focus on business 专注于商业

**

为: 他这么认为么？(tā zhè me rèn wéi me) Does he think so?

• 他说这么做是为了我好。(tā shuō zhè me zuò shì wèi le wǒ hǎo) He said he did it for my benefit.

好

• 好吃 hǎochī (“tasty”), 好玩 hǎowán (“fun), and 好香 hǎoxiāng (“fragrant”).

难 (Nán) - “difficult” or “bad.”

• 难看 nánkàn (“ugly”), 难用 nányòng (“difficult-to-use”), and 难受 nánshòu (“uncomfortable,” “difficult to endure”).

可 (Kě) - Can "-able"

• 可靠 — "reliable"
• 可敬 — "respectable"

反 (Fǎn) - opposite "anti-"

• 反恐 — Fǎnkǒng "anti-terror"
• 反 教权的 [反教权的] — "anti-clerical"
• 反 法西斯 [反法西斯] — "anti-fascist"

初 (Chū) - “beginning” or “early part of,”

• 初中 chūzhōng, an abbreviation for 初级中学 chūjízhōngxué (“junior middle school”)

重 (Chóng) - “re-” - “to repeat” or “to duplicate.”

• 重复 chóngfù (“repeat”), 重建 chóngjiàn (“rebuild”), and 重启 chóngqǐ (“restart”).

非 (Fēi) - No, as prefix: opposite - it reverses the meaning of the word

• 非常 (Fēicháng): Very, much, most, exemrgency (常 common, ofter)
• 非難 (hinan): criticize, blame, reproach

子 zǐ

• to show respect to ancient philosophers and sages

  • 老子 Lǎo Zǐ (Lao Tzu), 孔子 Kǒng Zǐ (Confucius), and 孙子 Sūn Zǐ (Sun Tzu, author

  of The Art of War).

• nominal, thing: 房子 fángzi (“house”), 袜子 wàzi (“socks”), and 猴子 hóuzi (“monkey”).
• person:
  • to create a new noun: 夹子 jiāzi “peg”, “clip.” 骗 piàn “to cheat” or “to swindle,” 骗子 piànzi a “cheater” or “swindler.”
  • converts adjectives into nouns: 傻子 shǎzi (“idiot”), 秃子 tūzi (“baldy”), and 胖子 pàngzi (“fatty”)

头 tóu - “head.” - much the same way as 子 zi

• partial noun to noun: 枕头 zhěntou (“pillow”), 馒头 mántou (“steamed bun”), and 骨头 gǔtou (“bone”).
• verb or adjective to noun: 念头 niàntou (“idea” or “thought”), while 甜头 tiántou (“sweet taste” or “benefit”)

儿 – ‘r - to form a noun. in the northern regions of China (such as Beijing),

• 车儿 chē’r - car, 棍儿 gun’r - a stick, 画儿 huà’r - a painting.
• “son” or “child.”: 儿子 érzi (“son”), 女儿 nǚ’ér (“daughter”), and 婴儿 yīng’ér (“baby.”)

边

• biān - side: 她坐在我旁边 Tā zuò zài wǒ pángbiān (“She sat by my side”). she sat at me beside side
• 边 bian - to indicate a direction or side: 左边 zuǒbian (“left”), 右边 yòubian (“right”), or 南边 nánbian (“south”).

们 Men - suffix “-s.”

学 – Xué - “-ology” or “-istry”:

• 生物学 shēngwùxué (“biology”), 数学 shùxué - math, study of numbers, 神学 shénxué (“theology”) - study of god

主义 – Zhǔyì - чж

• 社会主义 shèhuìzhǔyì (“socialism”), 女性主义 nǚxìngzhǔyì (“feminism”), and 共产主义 gòngchǎnzhǔyì (“communism”).

的 De - “-ific” and “-atic”

• 了不起的 liǎobuqǐ de (“terrific”), 系统的 xìtǒng de (“systematic”), and 自动的 zìdòng de (“automatic”).

家 Jiā “home” or “family.” - used to describe a specialist in a particular field

• 科学家 kēxuéjiā (“scientist”) or 作家 zuòjiā (“writer”).

者 Zhě - for verbs mostly - чжэ

• for verbs to describe jobs and professions:
  • 译者 yìzhě - translators, 记者 jìzhě - journalists, 自愿者 zìyuànzhě - volunteers
• for adjective: 拼着 pínzhě (“the poor”), 伤者 shāngzhě (“the wounded”), or 死者 sǐzhě (“the dead”).
• for nons 注意 zhǔyì (-ism): 马克思主义者 mǎkèsīzhǔyìzhě (“Marxist”), a 环境保护这 huánjìng bǎohùzhě (“environmentalist”), or a 素食主义者 sùshízhǔyìzhě (“vegetarian”).

员 Yuán - member

• 社会的一员 shèhuì de yī yuán (“a member of society.”)
• new nouns: 会员 huìyuán (“member”), 队员 duìyuán (“teammate”), and 党员 dǎngyuán (“party member”).
• professins: 演员 yǎnyuán (“actor”), 球员 qiúyuán (“player” – on a sports team), and 教员 jiàoyuán (“instructor”)

性 Xìng - sex?, “nature” or “quality,” - “-ness,” “-ity,” or “-ability.”

• 可能 (“possible”) + 性 = 可能性 kěnéngxìng (“possibility”)
• 可靠 (“reliable”) + 性 = 可靠性 kěkàoxìng (“reliability”)
• 实用 (“useful”) + 性 = 实用性 shíyòngxìng (“utility,” “usability”)
• 硬 (“hard”) + 性 = 硬性 yìngxìng (“hardness”)
• 毒 (“poisonous”) + 性 = 毒性 dúxìng (“toxicity,” “poisonousness”)
• 教育 (“education”) + 性 = 教育性 jiàoyùxìng (“educational”)
• 季节 (“season”) + 性 = 结节性 jìjiéxìng (“seasonal”)
• 技术 (Jìshù) (“technology”) + 性 = 技术性 jìshùxìng (“technological”)
• 开放 (“to open”) + 性 = 开放性 kāifàngxìng (“openness”)
• 创造 (“to create”) + 性 = 创造性 chuàngzàoxìng (“creativity”)
• 传染 (“to infect”) + 性 = 传染性 chuánrǎnzìng (“infectiousness”)
• 安全性 Ānquán xìng — "safety"
• 有效性 Yǒuxiào xìng — "effectiveness", 有效 efficient (have effect)

度 Dù “degree” or “extent”

• 温度 wēndù (“temperature”), 角度 jiǎodù (“angle”), and 幅度 fúdù (“range”)
• 力度 lìdù (“strength”), 高度 gāodù (“height”), or 速度 sùdù (“speed”).

化 Huà - change — used to form verbs - -ify, -ization, -ize, “-en.”

• 国际化 [國際化] - Guójì huà globalization "internationalize",
  • 国际 "internationality"
• 深化 shēnhuà (“deepen”), 恶化 èhuà (“worsen”), 简化 jiǎnhuà (“simplify”), 净化 jìnghuà (“purify”), 氧化 yǎnghuà (“oxidize”), 现代化 xiàndàihuà (“modernize”)

地 De - an adverb marker “-ly”

• 耐心地 nàixīn de (“patiently”), 开心地 kāixīn de (“happily”), and 伤心地 shāngxīn de (“sadly”).
• you’ll need to double-up monosyllabic adjectives before: 慢慢地 mànmàn de (“slowly”) and 悄悄地 qiāoqiāo de (“quietly”).

然 Rán - an adverb marker “-ly” and as a morpheme.

• 忽然 hūrán and 突然 tūrán, both of which mean “suddenly,” 居然 jūrán, meaning “unexpectedly,” and 显然 xiǎnrán, meaning “obvious” or “obviously.”
• 虽然 suīrán (“although”), 既然 jìrán (“since,” “as”), and 不然 bùrán (“otherwise”).

兮兮 Xīxī - no meaning in itself, exaggerate (преувеличивать) - used to poke fun

• 脏 zāng (“dirty”), 神秘 shénmì (“mysterious”), and 可怜 kělián (“pitiful”).
• 可这些脏兮兮的工作总要有人做的
  • Kě zhèxiē zāngxīxī de gōngzuò zǒngyào yǒurén zuò de
  • “It’s a dirty job, but someone’s gotta do it.”
• 要我说，你的男友有点儿神经兮兮的。
  • Yào wǒ shuō, nǐ de nányǒu yǒudiǎn’r shénjīngxīxī de.
  • If you ask me, your boyfriend seems kind of a nutjob.

巴 Bā - huge snake; to hope ; to cling to, to stick to; suffix for objects that are located below or behind ; for objects that are clumped together due to dryness or stickiness.

• 尾巴 (wěiba) - tail
• 下巴 (xiàba) ― chin
• 泥巴 (níba) - mud

到 Dào - when added to to verb mean perfect time ; to go to, to reach; up, until;

• 看到 (Kàn dào): to see, to notice, to saw; 看 - to see, to look, to watch, to view
• 听到 (Tīng dào): to hear, heard; 听 - to listen, to hear
• 买到 (Mǎi dào): to buy, bought; 买 - to buy, to purchase
• 做到 (Zuò dào): to achieve, to accomplish; 做 - to do, to make
• 找到 (Zhǎodào): to have found; find; 找 - to look for, to seek, to call, to ask for
• 学到 (Xué dào): to acquire; learned; 学 - to study, to learn; school, learning
• 拿到 (Ná dào): get it; 想到 (Xiǎngdào): to imagine, to recall; 追到 (Zhuī dào): to catch up
• 了解到 (Liǎojiě dào): understand; 联系到 (Liánxì dào): reached, contacted

最 -est

不 Bù -

• 来不及 Láibují - Too late

得 Dé — "can" and 不 Bù — "cannot"

• 听得懂 Tīng dé dǒng — "can understand"
• 听不懂 Tīng bù dǒng — "cannot understand"
• 听懂 Tīng dǒng - understand

著 Zhe - write, receive, suffer, outstanding, book

• 跳著舞 Tiàozhe wǔ - dancing, "to be dancing"
  • 跳舞 Tiàowǔ - Dance (noun and verb)

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_grammar
• https://www.mandarinblueprint.com/blog/chinese-prefixes-and-suffixes/

• 现在 (xiàn zài) - now
  • 我们现在开始。(wǒ men xiàn zài kāi shǐ.) - We start now.
• 目前 (Mùqián) - at present, currently

• Past events with time words
• 没 or 没有:
  • 刚才没听见 (gāngcái méi tīngjiàn) just now not hear - did not hear
• 以前 yǐ qián (before / previously / ago)
• 昨天 zuó tiān (yesterday)
• 十分钟前 shí fēn zhōng qián (10 minutes ago)

过 Guò - particle indicating that an event or state has occurred already; ever; already

• 你有冇去过香港啊？
• nei5 jau5 mou5 heoi3 gwo3 hoeng1 gong2 aa3?
• Have you ever been to Hong Kong?
• 看见过 (Kànjiànguò) - seen, saw it

了 le - completed aspect.

• 在用了 (Zài yòngle) - In use, already using it.

想到 (Xiǎngdào) - to think, to expect, to imagine

• 完全没想到是 (Wánquán méi xiǎngdào shì) Didn't expect it at all. Completely not expect this.

啦 发啦 (Fā la) - Posted, send it now!

• 我试试去 (Wǒ shì shì qù): I'll try
• 我试试先 (Wǒ shì shì xiān): I'll try first

会

• 他不会介意 (Tā bù huì jièyì): he won't mind.
• 我会回来的 (Wǒ huì huílái de): I will be back, I will return

• https://mylanguages.org/ru/chinese_adjectives.php

Всегда: прил + существительное

• старый красный дом lǎo hóng [fáng zi] - 老红房子

• a green tree Yī kē lǜsè de shù 一棵绿色的树

  • 的 de is inserted between the adjective and the noun.
  • 的 is sometimes omitted
    • to reduce repetitiveness or improve sentence flow: e.g., the TV show "快乐中国" in China
    • when a single-syllable adjective is used than for a multi-syllable adjective

  (e.g., compare 坏人 (壞人) with 奇怪的人 - bad person Huàirén, strange person Qíguài

Can be as verbs: 天黑了 It's getting dark. Темнеет.

• 她很帅。(Tā hěn shuài) - She is very handsome.
• 她不错。(Tā Bùcuò) - She is not bad.
• 她很漂亮。(tā hěn piàoliang) - She is beautiful. (很 often functions as a dummy linking)
• 她好漂亮。(tā hǎo piàoliang) - She is very beautiful.
• 她真漂亮。(tā zhēn piàoliang) - She is really beautiful.
• 她非常漂亮。(tā fēicháng piàoliang) - She is extraordinarily beautiful.
• 她非常好看。(Fēicháng hǎokàn) - she is very looking good.
• 她漂亮极了。(tā piàoliang jí le) - She is exceedingly beautiful.

"漂亮 死 她 了" (sǐ le, literally "to death")

• She is to death beatutiful. (extent of influence)
• 热死了" (热 rè = hot) - meaning "It's so hot [to the extent that I cannot bear any more]"
• "饿死了" (饿 è = hungry) - meaning "[I feel] so hungry [to the extent that I cannot bear any more]"
• "热死我了" - meaning "I feel so hot [to the extent that I cannot bear any more]"

他是男的。

• tā shì nán de
• person is male.

那輛車是新的。

• Nà liàng chē shì xīn de
• That car is new.

• 许多 Xǔduō - (to allow; to permit; to praise) (many; much; a lot of) - a considerable number of; a significant amount of; a good deal of; a lot of; many; much
  • 现在科学可以说明许多神秘的事。
    • Xiànzài kēxué kěyǐ shuōmíng xǔduō shénmì de shì.
    • Science can now account for many mysterious things.
  • 她在冬天收集了许多雪水，准备夏天用来降暑。
    • Tā zài dōngtiān shōují le xǔduō xuěshuǐ, zhǔnbèi xiàtiān yònglái jiàng shǔ.
    • She collected lots of snow water in winter so as to reduce the heat in summer.
  • 许多苹果 - Xǔduō píngguǒ - many apples
• 很多 Hěnduō - many, much, a lot (very many)
  • 他有很多朋友。 ― Tā yǒu hěnduō péngyǒu. ― He has many friends.
  • 他改变了很多。 ― Tā gǎibiàn le hěnduō. ― He has changed a lot.
  • 很多水 - much of water

多朋友 - many friends

• черный hēi sè - 黑色
• синий lán sè - 蓝色
• зеленый lǜ sè - 绿色
• красный hóng sè - 红色 (silk work)
• белый bái sè - 白色
• желтый huáng sè - 黄色 (radical KangXi no.: 201)

• большой dà - 大
• глубокий shēn - 深 (water, tree)
• длинный cháng;zhǎng - 长
• узкий zhǎi - 窄 (cave for_the_first_time)
• короткий duǎn;duān - 短 (arrow beans)
• небольшой xiǎo - 小
• высокий gāo - 高
• толстый hòu - 厚 (factory to_treat_kindly(sun child) )
• тонкий bò;báo;bó - 薄
• широкий kuān - 宽

• 坏 huài - плохой (soil negative)
• 好 Hǎo - хороший
• 高兴 Gāoxìng - happy, glad
• 干净 gān jìng - чистый (oppose_invade pure(ice dispute))
• 古 Gǔ - древний
• 新 Xīn - новый (paretns(stand rank) axe)
• 比较好 Bǐjiào hǎo - … better (to compare relative good).
• 最好的 Zuì hǎo de - the best (most good of)
• 舒服 (Shūfú) - Comfortable; comfort; healthy

• 旁邊 (Pángbiān) - next to, beside; 我的 右 Alt 在 Space 旁邊 (Wǒ de yòu Alt zài Space pángbiān) My right Alt next to Space

• 刚 gāng hard; just; solid; very recently;
• 挺快 (Tǐng kuài) - Pretty fast

成语/成語; pinyin: chéngyǔ; Чэнъюй lit. '[already] made/formed words/speech'

Chinese idioms or four-character idioms. there are about 5,000 chéngyǔ.

Chengyu are one of four types of formulaic expressions (熟语/熟語, shúyǔ), which also include:

• collocations (惯用语/慣用語 guànyòngyǔ)
• two-part allegorical sayings (歇后语/歇後語 xiēhòuyǔ)
• proverbs (谚语/諺語 yànyǔ)

• 去你的! (qù nǐ de!) - “Go away!” or “Off with you!”
• 不咋的 (bù zǎ de) - “not great,”
• 爱谁谁 (ài shéi shéi) - “do what you want,” or “whatever.” (love so so)
• 才不呢 (cái bù ne) - “no way” or “not at all.”
• 少年天才 (Shàonián tiāncái): teenage prodigy (small age sky talant)
• 爷们 (Yémen): is used in a way comparable to "bro" in the United States
• 没门儿 (méi mén er): “no door,” and means “No way!” or “Not a chance!”
• 花心 (huā xīn) “flower heart,” who has not been faithful in the relationship.
  • 你这个花心大萝卜!
  • (Nǐ zhège huāxīn dà luóbo)
  • You cheating scum! (Literally: You flower heart carrot!)

• 只会杀球 (Zhǐ huì shā qiú): "only able to kill the ball." player in sports, relies solely on brute force
• 好事多磨 (Hǎoshìduōmó): All good things come hard, Good things come in many ways
  • 好事 (Hǎoshì): good thing, good deed; meddlesome
  • 多磨 (Duōmó): tortured, grind more
• 眼皮底下 (yǎn pí dǐ xia) “under the eyelids,” and means something along the lines of “under one’s nose.”
• 你怎么也割手手 (Nǐ zěnme yě gē shǒu shǒu): Why don't you cut your hands?
• 狗改不了吃屎 (Gǒu gǎi bùliǎo chī shǐ): Dogs can't change their eating habits
  • dog change without_end eat shit.
• 三天不打手生 (Sān tiān bù dǎ shǒu shēng): practice is important
  • "Three days without hitting makes one's hands soft/raw."

"No money, no talk" (冇錢冇得傾 (Cantonese)), which simply means "If you don't have the money, don't try to bargain with me".

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chengyu
• https://www.mandarinblueprint.com/blog/chinese-slang/

Classic of Poetry, also Shijing or Shih-ching 诗经 Shījīng - is the oldest existing collection of Chinese poetry, comprising 305 works dating from the 11th to 7th centuries BCE.

• 言 讠 yán (янь) слово, речь
• 土 tǔ soil, earth
• 寸 cùn inch; small, tiny;
• 经 classics / sacred book / scripture / to pass through / to undergo / to bear / to endure / warp (textile) / longitude / menstruation

Земные ветви